Lesson1 How th Get the Poor off our Conscience 1. Virtue is ... self-centered.
By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.
2.... (poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity... The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.
3. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.
The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they shoul d not be asked to undertake the task of solving the probl em.
4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.
It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature or
to human society.
5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a cond emnatory tone.
People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.
6. ...the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.
The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been aband oned; it had only been put off.
7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches,
flashlights, coffee makers, and toilet seats.
Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that some woul d pay high prices f or office equipment to get kickbacks.
8. This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction. It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.
9. Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.
Belief can be useful in the search for truth.But more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.
10. George Gil der... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of
their own suffering to ensure effort...
George Gil der advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation;in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.
1. An imbalance between the rich and poor is the ol dest and most fatal ailment of republics .贫富不均乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。
2. Their poverty is a temporary misfortune:If they are poor and meek, they eventually will inherit the earth .
他们的贫穷只是一种暂时性的不幸;如果他们贫穷但却温顺，他们最终将成为这个世界的主人。
3.Couples in l ove should repair to R. H. Macy’s, not their bedrooms.
一对对热恋的新婚夫妇应该上梅西百货公司过夜，而不是回到他们的新房。
4.The American Beauty Rose can be produced in the spl endor and fragrance which bring c heer to its behold er only by
sacrificing the early buds which grow up around it.And so is it
in economic life. It’s merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.
美国这朵玫瑰花后以其华贵与芳香让观众倾倒、赞不绝口。而她之所以能被培植出来，就是因为在早期其周围的花蕾被插掉了。在经济生活中情况亦是如此。这是自然规律和上帝意志在起作用。
5. (It has become) an economically not unrewarding enterprise.
（它已成为）经济上收入不菲的一个行业。
6.There is…no form of oppression that is quite so great, no constriction on thought and effort quite so comprehensive, as that which comes from having no money at all.
没有哪种压迫形式比身无分文更厉害，也没有哪种对思想和行动的束缚比一无所有更全面彻底。
7. Freedom we rightly cherish. Cherishing it, we should not use it as a cover for d enying freedom to those in need.
我们珍惜自由是对的。正因为我们珍惜自由，我们就不能以此为借口，不给最需要自由的人自由。
8. Whether they be in Ethiopia, the South Bronx, or even in such an Elysium as Los Angeles, w
e resolve to keep them of f our minds .
不管他们生活在埃塞俄比亚，还是在纽约市的南布朗克斯区，甚至是在洛杉矶这样的天堂，我们都决心不去为这些人操心。
9. ...he is enjoying, as indicated, unparalleled popularity in high Washington circles.
如上所说，他在华盛顿高层当中享有无比的威望。
10. Compassion, along with the associated public effort, is the l east comfortable, the l east convenient course of behavior and action in our time.
同情心，加上与之相关的社会努力是我们这个时代最麻烦、最令人不快的行为和行动方针。
Lesson4 Nettles
1. How all my own territory woul d be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.
The impact of Mike’s leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I did’t expect that Mike’s leaving woul d have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.
2. During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compell ed to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and A rthur Koestler and \"The Cocktail Party\".
At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewil derment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. And our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone d e Beauvior and Arthur Koestler and T.S.Eliot’s sophisticated work “The Coktail Party”.
3. ...I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.
I woul d be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostil e
amd violent way of life, but by a kind of forml ess and hidd en emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant
to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.
4. She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval? ---about my new life.
She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.
5. It woul d be a sl eazy thing to do, in the house of his friends. It would be a morally l ow thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.
6. I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom. I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience a person might have to endure.
7. He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.
They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and und erstood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage woul d be strengthened, and a sacred bondage woul d be formed between them. But if they failed the test, their relationship woul d be broken and they woul d be driven apart.
8. Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickl e, an underground resource. With the w eight of this new stillness on it, this seal.
If they acted on l ove, they would take risks. They wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they woul d rather let their l ove remain as a sweet trickle, which woul d fl ow o n gently and permanently, and as an underground resource, which woul d never be fully tapped but would never go dry.
1. Each of the trees on the place had an attitude and a presence—the elm looked serene and the oak threatening, the maples friendly, the hawthorn ol d and crabby.
这里的每一棵树都表现出某种神态。比如，榆树看上去宁静安详，橡树则咄咄逼人，枫树亲切友好，而山楂树则老气横秋、脾气暴躁。
2.There was a keen alarm when the cry came, a wire zinging through your whole body, a fanatic feeling of devotion.
当他喊我的名字时，我会紧张万分，全身蹭地就像过了电似的，一种狂热的忠诚感油然而生。
3.One morning, of course, the job was all finished, the well capped, the pump reinstated, the Fresh water marvell ed at.
一天早上，工作全部完成，这是意料中的事。井口上了盖子，水泵重新安装好了，大家对清新的井水赞叹不已。
4.In my kitchen or in hers, once a week or so, distracted by our chil deren and sometimes reeling for lack of sleep, we stoked ourselves up on strong coffee and cigarettes and launched out on a rampage of talk---about our marriages, our fights, our personal d eficiencies, our interesting and discreditabl e motives, our forgone ambitions.
我们大约每周都要在我的厨房或她的厨房聚会一次。孩子总是不断地打扰我们，有时我们还会因为缺觉而感到头晕目眩，于是我们就用大量的浓咖啡和香烟给自己提神，开始天南海北地聊天，所谈的话题无所不包：我们的婚姻、奋斗、个人的不足、既有趣又有些丢脸的动机，以及我们曾有过的理想抱负。
5.Sunny had given him fresh sheets rather than unmaking and making up again the bed he had left for me.
苏妮给了他干净的床单，免得在他留给我的床上重新叠被、铺床。 6.My sleep was shall ow, my dreams monotonously lustful, with irritating and unpleasant su bplots.
我睡得很浅，没完没了地做着充满情欲的梦，中间还穿插着令人
不快的小情节。
7.The bushes right at the edge of the grass l ooked impenetrable, but close up there were
little openings, the narrow paths that animals or peopl e looking for golf balls had made.
挨着草地边上的灌木丛看上去似乎无法穿过，但走近了可以看到一些小缺口和窄窄的小径，这是被动物或找高尔夫球的人们踩出来的。
8.It l ooked as if a large portion of the sky had detached itself and was bearing d own, bustling a nd resolute, taking a not quite recognizable but animate shape.
看上去，天空的一大部分似乎脱离了主体，喧闹着、果断地压向地面，那形状虽然说不出具体像什么，但像是一种活物的样子。
9.This was more of a ritual ,a recognition of survival rather than of our bodies’ inclinations.
我们拥抱并不是出于身体的渴望，而是庆祝劫后余生的一种表示。 Lesson5 The One Against the Many
1....the national rejection of d ogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic ord er .
As a nation, America has refused to cling to certain rigid principles concerning social and economic development. America has been adaptabl e and fl exible.
2 Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently immune to the ideological temptation...
No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, p reserving or transforming the worl d according to rigid dogmas.
3. .and any intell ect so shaped was bound to have certain vulnerability to secular id eol ogy ever after.
A mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other temptations to ideol ogical
thinking.
4. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid of abstractions than id eology is wholly devoid of experience.
Abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideol ogy.
5. As an ideologist, however, Jefferson is today remote---a figure not of present concern but of historical curiosity.
As a man foll owing a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present reality.
6. ...(and often) whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthood. The essence of the theoretical system is put in the hands of a small group of people who can never go wrong.
7. ...where free men may find partial truths, but where no mortal man will ever get an absolute grip on Absolute Truth ..
In the universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relative truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and the only truth.
8. But ideol ogy is a drug; no matter how much it is exposed by experience, the craving for it still persists.
Id eology has the characteristic of a narcotic. In spite of the fact that it has been proven
wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.
9. ...the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of absolute abuse.
The only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.
10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to
understand the frailty of human striving but to strive nonetheless.
The most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute Truth, yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give up.
1. The American experience was unique in a number of ways. 美国的经验在许多方面都是独特的。
2. The country was blessed by notable advantages—above all, by the fact that population was s carce in relation to available resources .
这个国家有着得天独厚的优势——主要是人口相对稀少而资源十分丰富。
3. It rose originally from a philosophical rather than an economic commitment ...
它源于对思想原则的信仰，而不是出于对经济利益的追求...... 4. We have found no better way than democracy to fulfill man’s tal ents and rel ease his energies.
我们发现民主是使人的才智得到充分施展、人的能量得以充分发挥的最好方式。
5.In the record of this conflict, ideology has attracted some of the strongest intelligences mankind has produced...
在意识形态体系与经验主义斗争的历史上，意识形态体系曾吸引了人类历史上一些聪明绝顶的人物 ......
6.In its finest hours, the United States has, so to speak, risen above id eology.
在她处于最佳时期时，美国可以说超越了所有的意识形态体系。 7. ...that government was best which governed least... ......政府管得越少越好......
8. Ind eed,the whole ideological enterprise contradicted Jefferson’s temper, which was basically flexibl e and
experimental .
说实在的，杰斐逊一生在意识形态体系上所做的努力与他的性格是相矛盾的。他的性格特征基本上是灵活的、从经验出发的。
9. Indeed, I would suggest that we might well banish some overl oaded words from intellectual discourse.... (These words)are sources of heat, not of light .
我甚至建议在思想界和学术界的讨论中摒弃某些用滥了的词语。......这些词语只能使头脑发热，而不会给人以智慧的光芒。
10. Free men know many truths, but they d oubt whether any mortal man knows the Truth . 自由人掌握许多具体的真理，但他们认为没有一个凡人能够掌握绝对真理。
Lesson 7 Inaugural Address
1. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.
As a result of technological development, human bel ongs now have the power to put an end to poverty and human misery, but at the same time they also possess the power to destroy the whole world, rendering it uninhabitable and lifel ess.
2. ...unwilling to witness or permit the sl ow undoing of those human rights...
We d o not want to see or to all ow the sl ow d estruction of those human rights.
3. To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves...
To the people of the und erd eveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas, we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.
4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostil e powers.
But we should not let any communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress to expand its influence.
5. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.
We want to make cl ear to the Communist powers that Americas are the Americas of the Americans. Do not attempt to penetrate into this area.
6. ...before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-d estruction.
......before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a preemptive attack or caused b y accident.
7. ...yet both racing to alter the uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war.
Yet both sides attempt to get an edge in the nuclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear war.
8. ...civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.
To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that we are weak or afraid. Declarations of sincere intention have to be tested by actions.
9. Let both sid es seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.
Let the two sid es use the fruits of science for the benefit of humanity rather than using
high-tech weapons to kill and destroy.
10. ...each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.
There have been occasions for each generation of Americans
to be call ed upon to fight and die for country.
1. We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freed om---symbolizing an end a s well as a beginning—signifying renewal as well as change .
我们今天庆祝的不是党派的胜利而是自由的选择——象征着一个时代的结束和另一个时代的开始——意味着延续与变化。
2.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can d o---for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asund er.
如果我们团结一致，我们在一系列共同从事的事业中就可以无往而不胜，如果我们四分五裂，我们就会一事无成——因为在意见分歧，四分五裂的情况下，我们不敢迎接强有力的挑战。
3....one form of col onial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny .
......一种殖民控制形式的消失，不应为另一种更为残酷的暴政所取代。
4. ...and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger end ed up insid e .
......要记住，在过去，那些愚蠢地想靠与虎谋皮而得势的人最终都为虎所食 .
5....we renew our pledge of support---to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective --to strength its shield of the new and the weak---and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
......我们重申我们的支持——不让其变成一个相互指责的论坛——加强其对新生国家和弱小国家的保护——扩大其起主导作用的领域。
6. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond d oubt can we be certain beyond d oubt that they will never be employed .
只有当我们的军队强大无比时，我们才有把握永不使用武力。 7. Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to
negotiate .
我们永远不会由于恐惧而去谈判，但我们永不畏惧谈判。 8. And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungles of suspicion...
如果小小的一点合作能驱散深深的猜疑......
9. In your hands, my fell ow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.
同胞们，我们事业最终的成败不是掌握找我手中，而是掌握在你们手中。
10. Ask not what your country can d o for you—ask what you can d o for your country.
不要问你的国家能为你做什么，要自问你能为你的国家做何贡献。 Lesson 8 A Rose for Emily
1.But garges and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood...
The street used to house only the best families. But then great changes took place: garages and cotton gins were established on the street and their existence wiped out the aristocratic traces in than neighborhood.
2.Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity.
It would not be true to say that Miss Emily would have accepted charity.
3.“Just as if a man---any man---could keep a kitchen properly,” the ladies said...
What the ladies said meant that they did not in the least believe a man, any man, coul d keep a kitchen properly.
4.It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons. The Griersons regard ed themselves as very important and the outsid e worl d as vulgar and full of people inferior to them. They bel onged to two entirely
different worlds. However, the complaints about the smell served as a link between the two different worlds and compelled Miss Emily to d eal with the outsid e world.
5.The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in different deprecation.
The next day the mayor received two more complaints. One of them was from a man who came and pl eaded to the mayor in a shy and timid way.
6.People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt, her great-ant, had gone completely crazy at last, believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were.
People in the town felt that the Grierson family regarded themselves more important than they really d eserved to be. The fact that Miss Emily’s great-aunt, old lady Wyatt, had gone
crazy had to d o with this blind, excessive self-importance. 7.Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or l ess. Ordinary people often become excited or worried when they get a penny more or a penny less. Being poor, now she would learn to appreciate the value of money like other peopl e in the tow..
8.But there were still others, ol der peopl e, who said that even grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblesse oblige---without calling it noblesse oblige.
But there were still others, old er people, who said that no matter how sad Miss Emily was(over her father’s death), she shoul d not forget she had certain obligations as a member of the nobility, though a real lady woul d not describe her self-restraint by the expression nobl esse oblige.
9.We were glad because the two femal e cousins were even
more Grierson than Miss Emily had ever been.
We were glad because the two cousins were even more stubborn and self-important than Miss Emily.
10....and the very ol d men...confusing time with its mathematical progression, as the ol d do, to whom all the past is not a diminishing road but, instead, a huge mead ow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them now by the narrow bottle-neck of the most recent decad e of years.
And the very old men confused the dates and years of past happenings. To the ol d people, all the past should be like a road that becomes smaller as it reaches further back. But to those old Southerners, the recent past of ten years or so was like a bottl eneck, a narrow passage, or a tunnel. Beyond that narrow passage, the remote past became a huge level mead ow where things were pleasantly and fondly mixed up together. Like the green grass on the mead ow never touched by the winter, their memories of the remote past remained blurred, sweet, romanticized, and unchanged.
1.When Miss Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through
a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an ol d manservant ---a combined gard ener
and cook --- had seen in at l east ten years.
艾米丽·格里尔森小姐过世了，我们全镇人都去参加她的葬礼。男人们去是出于一种尊敬，因为一座纪念碑倒下了；女人们则大多是出于好奇，想看看她房子里面到底是什么样的。因为除了一位兼任花匠和厨师的老男仆之外，至少有十年没人进去看过了。
2.And now Miss Emily had gone to join the representatives of those august names where they lay in the cedar-bemused
cemetery among the ranked and anonymous graves of Union and confed erate sol diers who fell at the battle of Jefferson.
现在艾米丽小姐也加入到那些名门望族代表的行列之中了。他们在令人沉思的雪松的陪伴下长眠于公墓，他们的墓碑周围埋葬着一排排南北战争中在杰斐逊战场上阵亡的南军和北军的无名战士。
3.Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town.
艾米丽小姐在世时，一直是传统的化身，履行职责和给予关照的对象，这是全镇人沿袭下来的一种义务。
4.They were admitted by the ol d Negro into a dim hall from which a stairway mounted into still more shad ow.
老黑鬼把他们引进光线黯淡的门厅，厅里的楼梯通向更加阴暗的楼上。
5....and when they sat d own, a faint dust rose sluggishly about their thighs, spinning with
sl ow motes in the single sunray.
......当他们坐下时，一股细细的灰尘在他们大腿周围慢慢扬起，尘粒在房间里唯一的太阳光束中缓缓地旋转着。
6.Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why what would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her.
她的骨架小而瘦，也许这就是为什么别人穿起来只是显得丰满的服装在她身上却显得肥胖。
7.So the next night, after midnight, four men crossed Miss Emily’s lawn and slunk about the house like burglars, sniffing along the base of the brickwork and at the cellar openings while o ne of them performed a regular sowing motion with his hand out of a sack slung from his shoul der.
于是，第二天午夜之后，四个男人穿过艾米丽家的草坪，如同窃贼般在她屋子里潜行，沿着房子砖基部分以及地窖的通风处使劲地嗅
着。其中一个人不时地将手从背在肩上的麻袋里掏出，做出一个播种的动作。
8.They had not even been represented at the funeral. 他们甚至没有派代表出席葬礼。
9.Miss Emily just stared at him, her head tilted back in order to look him eye for eye, until he l ooked away and went and got the arsenic and wrapped it up.
艾米丽小姐只是盯着她，她的头向后仰，以便能与他对视，直到他移开视线转而去取砒霜并打包。
10.Now and then we would see her in one of the d ownstairs wind ows – she had evidently shut up the top fl oor of the house – like the carven torso of an idol in a niche, l ooking or not lookin g at us, we could never tell which.
有时我们在楼下的一个窗口可以看到她，显然她已封闭了顶楼，她的身影就像供奉在神龛里的一尊雕刻成的神像躯体，我们永远分辨不出她是否在看着我们。
Lesson10 Notes on the English Character
1.Saint Goergy may caper in banners and in the speeches of politicians,but it?s Jonhn Bull who delivers the goods.
As Saint Goergy is a hero,the patron of arms,symbolizing chivalry,his image often appears on banners,and his name is often mention in the speeches of politicians. Saint Goergy is used as a symbolic figure of political purposes. But Jonhn Bull is a trad esman and he delivers the g oods we need in our daily life while making money at the same time .
2.With its boarding-houses,its compulsory games,its system of prefects and fagging,its i nsistence on good form and on esprit de corps.it produces a type whose weight is out of all pr oportion to its numbers .
The English public schools have unique features.First, all boys
living in boarding houses Second,sports and games are organized and compulsory as part of the school curricular. Third, old er stud ents have special duties to help control younger students whil e the latter must do jobs for the former,lastly, great emphasis is placed on good form and team spirit.
These features enabl e the public school stud ent to have disproportionately great influence.
3.Note the word “bankrupt”.I spoke as a member of a prud ent middle-class nation,always a nxious to meet my liabilities
Pay attention to my use of the word “bankrupt”,a word related to business. This reveals my identity as a member of commercial nation,who woul d be careful and sensible enough to a void any risk of failing to pay their debts .
4.But my friend spoke as an Oriental, and the Oriental has behind him a tradition,
not of middle-class prudence but of kingly munificence and splend or.
But my friend expressed his views as a member of the Oriental countries.They are nourished by a tradition of great generosity and richness,which is different from the English tradition of middle-class prud ence .
5.’True l ove in this differs from gol d and clay. That to divide is not to take away ”.
In this aspect, true l ove is different from material things such as clay or even gol d which can b
e divided and taken away.Yet,i
f we share true l ove,it will never diminish.
6.I will now descend from that dizzy and somewhat unfamiliar height.and return to my business of notetaking .
In the above anecd ote,I have become a exampl e of
Englishmen for the moment. That put me in a high position which make me dizzy and is unfamiliar to me. I will now come d owm from that height and return to my role as your commentator on the characteristics of the Englishman.
7.Such a combination is fruitful,and anyone who possesses it has gone a l ong way toward being brave .
The Englishman’s nervous system acts promptly and feel sl owly.The combination of the two q ualities is useful,and anyone who has this combination is most likely to be brave.
8.Since literature always rests upon national character,there must be in the English nature
hid den springs of fire to produce the fir we see .
As literature is based on national character,there must be in the English nature hid den r esources of passion that have produced th great romantic literature we see.
9.…Oh I?m used to Bernard Shaw;money tricks d on?t hurt me .”
That kind of criticism is just like Bernard Shaw’s attacks. It is nothing new and I’m used to these tricks and jokes; they won’t do any harm to me.
10.And the “tol erant humorous attitude”with which he comfronts them is not really h umorous,because it is bounded by the titter and the guffaw .
The Englishmen think they have a tolerant and humorous attitude toward criticism.In fact it is not so,because their attitud e is limited by uncomfortable laughter,which indicates that b eneath the surface of their tol erant humorous attitude,they are uneasy.when they try to be hu morous and brush asid e criticism,they would titter and guffaw.Such uncomfortable lau ghter is a sign of uneasiness .
11.The cats are all out of their bags, and diplomacy can?t recall them .
I have already mad e all my opinions known to you. What is said is said, and being diplomatic cannot unsay what has been said.
1.But it is on the middle classes that the eye of the critic rests – just as it rests on the poor in R ussia and on the aristocracy in Japan.
但是，（在英国）最吸引评论者关注的是中产阶级，正如在俄国人们关注的是穷人，在日本
人们关注贵族一样。
2.How perfectly it expresses their character --- far better, for instance, than does the university, into which social and spiritual complexities have already entered.
英国公学制度比大学更充分地表现了英国中产阶级的特性。社会与精神的复杂性已经进入大学。
3.In all these careers his education, or the absence of it, influences him.
在上述事业中，他所受到的教育，或者说没有受到的教育，深深地影响着他。
4.They remember with regret that gol den time when life, though hard, was not yet complex; w hen they all worked together and played together and thought together, so far as they thought at all: when they were taught that school is the worl d in miniature and believed that no one can l ove his country who does not l ove his school.
他们带着遗憾的心情怀念那段金色时光。那时，生活虽然艰苦，但还不算复杂。那时，他们同学习、同游戏、同思考，如果说他们思考的话。他们受到的教育告诉他们，学校是个微型世界，他们相信，一个人如果不爱自己的学校，那他就不可能爱自己的国家。
5.They go forth into it with well-developed bodies, fairly developed minds, and undeveloped he arts.
他们进入社会时，体魄健全，大脑的开发一般，而心的发育则不健全。
6.He coul d not express his sorrow too much. But in me the Englishman came out strong.
他将伤心表达到了极点，到了无以复加的程度。但是我身上则表现出强烈的英国人特性。
7.Shelley, at all events, believes that the wealth of the spirit is endless; that we may express it copiously, passionately, and always; and that we can never feel sorrow or joy to acutely.
无论怎样，雪莱相信精神的财富是无穷无尽的。他相信我们可以大量地、充满激情地、在各种场合表达我们的情感，我们无论怎样表现悲哀和欢乐豆不过分。
8.The Frenchmen respond ed at once; the Englishmen responded in time.
法国人立即做出反应，而英国人则需过一段时间才做出反应。 9.It acts promptly and feels sl owly. Such a combination is fruitful, and anyone who possesses i t has gone a l ong way toward being brave.
它（英国人的神经系统）行动迅速，感觉却迟缓。这二者的结合富有成效，具备这一结合的人多半都很勇敢。
10.But she has a merciless eye for questions of conduct, and the classical example of two Engl ish people mud dling themselves before they embark upon a wrong course of action is to be f ound in the opening chapters of Sense and Sensibility.
但是在观察行为问题时，她的目光尖锐无情。她的小说《理智与情感》的前几章提供了一个经典的例子，使我们看到两个英国人在走上一条错误道路之前是如何先犯糊涂的。
11.From villainies such as these the average Englishman is
free. His character, which prevents his rising to certain heights, also prevents him from sinking to these depths.
普通的英国人没有这样的恶行。他的性格会阻碍他上升到一定的高度，同时也防止他堕落到如此糟糕的地步。
12.The nations must understand one another, and quickly; and without the interposition of t heir governments, for the shrinkage of the gl obe is throwing them into one another’s arms. 各民族必须互相了解，而且要快，不要政府的插手和干预，因为世界在缩小，这使得他们不可避免地要进行接触。
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