1、欢迎辞
1) The grand opening of Expo 2010 Shanghai China will be held this evening. On behalf of the Chinese government and people, I wish to extend a warm welcome to all the distinguished guests who have come to Shanghai for this event. I would like to express heartfelt thanks to the governments and people of all countries for the sincere help and strong support they have given to the Shanghai Expo. My thanks also go to the International Exhibitions Bureau (BIE) and other international organizations, and to all the friends who have contributed to Expo 2010 Shanghai. 2) Ladies and gentlemen， Welcome to XXX!
I feel honored to be your guide for the one-day tour to the XXX. First of all, on behalf of my travel agency, I‟d like to extend my welcome to all of you.
Our schedule for today is to visit the famous scenic spot --- the XXX, which is the historic architecture in the city of XXX. As the birthplace of XXX, the XXX has become the world cultural heritage. I‟m quite sure that you will be impressed by the beauty of the royal construction and the long history of the city as well. Wish you have great fun during the whole day!
Ok, next, I will show you around the whole XXX and introduce it in details to you.
3) It‟s a great honor to have the opportunity to share my excited feelings of being grown up with you today .
2、 活动计划、安排
1) Inviting experts to give lectures timely plays an important role in Youth Club’s plan, which can help students solve their psychological problems.
2) Now let me tell you what activities we have arranged for you . I know the school will organize a lot of things for you to do in the morning , I‟ll show you around and take you to some places of interest in this district , including the Great Wall , which is regarded as one of he seven wonders of the world. We‟ll stay at home most of the evening watching TV, playing games , and chatting with each other.
3) We would like to attend some English lessons in the morning . On the weekend, we intend to visit other cities. As for accommodation , we‟d better live with the native Australian families so that we can improve our oral English.
4) You will watch a play named Tea House in the People Theatre at 6:30 on January 1st.
5) According to the program, we will plant different kinds of trees , flowers and grass in and around our school . A botanical garden will be built a small garden in which we can do some reading and take a rest . What‟s more , some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder.
6) I would very much like to join the Peace and Friendship Summer Camp since it would be a great opportunity for me to make friends with young people from different countries and learn about their cultures.
6) The speech contest will be held in the Lecture Hall From 3 p.m to 5 p.m. 10 students from different city schools will participate in it and compete for the championship. 3、建议
1) You get the best out of others when you give the best of yourself. 2) Treat people as you hope they will treat you .
3) Believing we all need help from each other , I appreciate friends „ help, and I am also willing to help anyone in need .
4) Our government is aiming to build a “harmonious society ”. I think it is every citizen‟s duty to work hard to achieve this goal.
5) We should show our respect for old people , our parents and our teachers . We should also care for each other and help those in need .
6) In my opinion , members of our society should follow public moral rules and think of others first . Only in this way can we make our society harmonious.
7) Here are a few suggestions. First , it is important to take a Chinese course , so that you „ll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students . Then it also helps to watch TV and read books , newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever it is possible.
8) If we can do as mentioned above , there can be no doubt that we can master English.
9) Good listening can always show respect , promote understanding and improve interpersonal relationship.
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8) In order to protect our eyes , we should not only avoid overusing them , but do more outdoor activities. 9) As senior three students , we should spare certain time from our busy study getting relaxed by getting close to nature .
10) Facing various challenges , we students must have the courage to face them instead of giving in to them . Only in this way can we overcome any difficulties.
11) Now，it's high time for the government to take effective measures to purify the Internet environment．Some websites that disobey the rules should be made public and closed up. 12) So here I put forward some suggestions. I‟ll appreciate it if you would accept them . 4、学习生活
1) As we all know, a good learning environment is extremely important if we want to study English well . 2) When you speak , don‟t translate what you want to say from Chinese into English.
3) It is true that we cannot lean English without any grammatical rules . But your sense of grammatical rules comes form constant use of language.
4) It‟s important for us to have a right attitude towards exams. They are only means of checking how we are getting along with out studies , so there is no need to worry too much about the results. Study hard every day and make careful plans for every exam. In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure on exams. 5) In order to get used to college life as soon as possible , I think I should prepare myself for that from now on . To start with , I will learn more about college life from those college students living in my neighborhood . Second , I will learn to look after myself , such as doing some washing on my own and dealing with financial problems.
6) As you know , I will take that National University Entrance Examination in June and there isn‟t much time left . Every day I do some reading in English , practice writing compositions, work on a number of science problems and so on . When I get tired , I will do something to relax myself, like playing basketball with my friends , listening to pop music, surfing the Internet , playing games , and anything that can help recover my energy.
7) It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of the school, including being neatly dressed and being punctual for everything.
8) The reason why many a student finds it difficult to adapt themselves to school life lies/is that they almost do nothing at home.
9) As senior students , we are supposed to focus on our studies .
10) I want to major in the Science of Environment . I enjoy the fantastic scenery in the world so I think it‟s a great opportunity to do what I really appreciate .
11) As graduation is around the corner , I‟m here writing to you to apply for entering H.K University . 5、捐款救灾
1) A strong earthquake hit ----, causing great loss and a large number of deaths.
2) Our school called on the whole staff and all the students to donate money to the quake-hit area, which was responded to warmly and quickly.
3) We all hope that the money would be of some use to their struggle against the terrible natural disaster. 6、人物介绍(描述)
1) Mrs. Smith , aged 55, has worked in our school for two years. = Mrs. Smith , aged 55, came to our school two years ago.
2) Born in America , Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.
= Thomas Edison , who was a great scientist and inventor , was born in America. 3) He is about 5 feet and 7 inches tall.
4) Shakespeare , a son from a poor family , a man of little education wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.
5) Miss Mary is a young lady in her twenties with glasses . She is neither very tall nor very short . / She is a woman of medium height . She has a round face with wavy hair. She likes wearing high-heeled shoes . It is easy to recognize her because she is usually dressed in a red T-shirt and a white skirt . She is always cheerful.
6) On the one hand , she is kind to us , but on the other hand ,she is rather strict with us.
7) She loves us and is always ready to help us . In fact , she is not only our teacher but also our good friend. 8) He has a large variety of hobbies and interests . He is fond of sports . He also likes singing and dancing , and can speak English fluently as well.
9) I‟m enthusiastic in participating in public benefit activities . Besides , I am capable of communicating with others .
10) Because Li Yue is always ready to help others , he has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the
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Month”.
11) I‟m good at English , especially oral English , for I ever studied English for six years . Besides , I‟m expert in typing . I think I‟m the right secretary you are looking for .
12) Mr. Wang is my most beloved teacher. The 30-year-old man has been teaching English for 5 years . In his class , you won‟t feel bored or sleepy because he always makes his classes lively and interesting, many of which have impressed me a lot. Besides , he is strict but patient with us and won‟t leave us much homework . Whenever we have any difficulty in life or study , he will give us a hand without any hesitation. With his help , the whole class have made great progress in English . 13) Tom likes sports and basketball is his favorite .
14) On the other hand , Tom likes pop music and sports . He has a preference for playing basketball. 15) What makes them different is that Tom likes --- while Peter enjoys ---.
16) What attracts Peter most is reading in the library but Tom devotes his free time to taking part in sports , especially basketball. 7、事件描述
1) At a stand , a woman was buying an ice cream when a young man behind her suddenly came up and snatched her handbag away.
2) Hardly has we arrived there when we set to work .
3) At 8 o‟clock in the morning , we arrived at the 712 bus station , where we were warmly welcomed by the drivers and conductors.
4) Some of us taught some drivers and conductors English , while others cleaned the bus. Still others helped direct traffic at the crossroads near the bus station and helped the elderly cross the street.
5) One of my classmates got poisoned and had a stomachache after he ate some poisonous food . He was immediately taken to a hospital .
6) The article reminds me of the surprising scene I witnessed in the supermarket several days ago. 8、 健康饮食
1) As we all know, we are what we eat . Therefore , it‟s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. However , bad eating habits ate still very common among us students . Some of us often go to school without breakfast. Some like to have snacks; others are particular about food ;; and still some eat or drink too much . All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.
2) There is no denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind . 3) We believe that sports can develop body and mind
4) In fact , we have to admit the fact that the quality of little is as important as life itself. 5) As a matter of fact , it is health that counts.
6) As an old saying goes : All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
7) Personally, I think it a good idea for us senior 3 students to have daily exercise. Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind . Therefore , we can work more efficiently . In order to build a better future , we should exercise more.
8) For me , I prefer to do more outdoor exercise. Only in this way can we relax ourselves and feel at ease . What‟s more , doing more exercise can build up our bodies. Then , here , I really hope everyone of us can keep a balanced diet and sleep well , so we can have enough energy to face any challenge. 9、失物招领/ 寻物启事
1) My lost suitcase is silver in color with some clothes and books inside. 2) Anyone who finds my lost wallet will be rewarded .
3) I found a purse at the Taipei train station and sent it to the lost service center. 10. 通知
1) Now please allow me to introduce some of our school rules to you .
2) May I have your attention , please ? I have something important to tell you / I have got an announcement to make.
3) There will be a lecture given by Mr. Li for all of the students at Room 206, 3:30 pm Friday. 4) Thanks for your attention! 11、表示感谢
1) Thank you for one of the most enjoyable visits we have has in many months. 2) I cannot tell you how much your letter delighted me.
3) I am now a senior three student, enjoying many successes as well as going through a number of failures, which shows that I have really grown up. Whenever I am thinking of these, I can‟t help feeling grateful to you . It is you who first give me encouragement when I meet with difficulties, especially when I am not getting along well with my studies.
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4) I will be appreciated if you can tell me more details about the fees, accommodations and scholarship . 5) I will be grateful on condition that you spare some time to answer my questions and I‟ll be greatly appreciated to receive your reply soon .
6) We would appreciate it if you would give us some encouragement from time to time. 12、地方介绍
1) Our city has a long history , which covers an area of 5 square miles with a population of 100,000 people. 2) Shaoxing , a famous ancient city with splendid culture and a history of 2,500 years , enjoys the fame of Oriental Venice . 13．调查、观点
1) An investigation shows that people tend to have a favorable attitude toward the measures. 2) This view is now being questioned by more and more people. 3) There is a general debate on the campus today over the matter.
Despite many obvious advantages of this solution, it is not without its problem.
4) Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story . Besides, the film is usually more interesting , and it is easier to follow. Some others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information form the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly lively and beautiful.
5) This accident made me realize the importance of the food safety problem . I hope that this problem will be a major concern of the whole society .
6) Recently, our school had a heated discussion on “Whether middle school students should surf the Internet?” Some hold the view that students should be allowed to use the Internet because it is a good way to obtain various information by reading news at home and abroad. Besides , students can send e-mails and make calls conveniently.
7) But we should not be addicted to the Internet, or we will get our life and study destroyed . Besides , we should keep away from the harmful websites for fear that we are influenced by any bad information online. 8) The latest data have shown that with more and more migrants in rural areas flooding into the big cities to hunt for jobs, their children have to be left behind at home with their grandparents or relatives , the number of whom had reached 25 million by the end of the first half year of 2006.
9) It is the lack of parental care that results in a series of problems , which does great harm to the growth of these children left behind at home .
10)The Chinese government decided that since 2007, all the students in rural primary schools and junior schools would not have to pay for their school fees , which has helped many students who had dropped out return to schools. Because of/ Thanks to the policy , millions of children from poor families can afford to receive their education so that they will have a brighter future.
11) It‟s known that books are our good teachers and wise friends . They increase our knowledge, broaden our minds and strengthen our character. We must love books !
12) As far as I am concerned, I am really/completely in favor of the test/policy.
13) It is easy to get discouraged when things are going bad . But we wouldn‟t lose heart because God is at work in our lives , even in the midst of pain and suffering . 14、环境保护
1) I think it is very important for all of us to protect the environment.
2) Rubbish mush be properly treated . Otherwise it may cause a lot of problems , such as air and water pollution . When people breathe in the polluted air or drink the polluted water , they may get ill.
3) There is no denying that fact that it is an extremely serious problem ; the government should take strong measures to deal with it .
4) In my opinion , we should work out concrete solutions to the problem.
5) In conclusion , we must take into account this problem carefully. Anyone who is blind to this point will pay a heavy cost.
6) With the increase of the global temperature, people are concerned about living a low-carbon life.
7) Several factors contribute to the rise of temperature . First of all , a lot of greenhouse gas is produced by cars and factories ; further more , people burn a lot of coal and wood for their life ; the loss of forests is another cause of global warming .
Global warming will cause disastrous effects . In the first place , some islands will disappear because of the rise of sea level , and thus people of certain countries will have to look for new places to live. Extreme weather will also result from global warming . When temperature rises , the production of crops will decrease , which directly endangers people‟s lives. If the temperature keeps rising, some animals and plants will disappear from the planet , thus destroying the ecosystem.
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Facing such a threat , we , as the only intelligent animals in the world, should join efforts to “cool” the earth , for other members of the planet , as well as for ourselves. 15、邀请
1) Will you do me the favor of joining our party?
2)We hope you can come and look forward to seeing you by then .
3) I should be very glad if you would come to my birthday party at my house at 7:00 p.m, on Sunday , November 19.
16．职业
1) A proper part-time job does not occupy students‟ too much time . In fact , it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study.
2) The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills , which may put them in a favorable situation in the future job markets.
3) Due to the scholarships and part-time jobs in the KFC, he managed to get through his university education . 17.现代科技
1) Thanks to various functions a computer has ,it is convenient for people to search for information, send and receive e-mails , shop online as well as get music and download movies.
2) There is no doubt that we have benefited a lot from the Internet in our everyday life．
18.社会现象
1) Around us , we can see such phenomenon.
2) Nowadays , there is a growing concern over the phenomenon .
19．图表说明
1) In 2003 , the number of foreigners who learned Chinese was 25million , as shown in the diagram. In 2008, 30 million were learning Chinese . It is estimated that, by 2010, as many as 100 million will be learning it .
2) By comparison with 2009, the number of cars made in this factory this year has risen more than 30% of that last year.
3) It is clearly shown from the diagram above that more and more families own private cars year by year .
4) It is reported that more than 50% of the students in the schools in China are short-sighted , ranking first in the world. 20、英语谚语
1) When you are in Rome，do as the Romans do. 2）A friend in need is a friend indeed.
3) An idle youth， a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲 4) Every man has his fault. 人孰无过 5) First come， first served. 捷足先登 6) Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达 7) Honesty is the best policy. 诚实至上 8) In fair weather prepare for foul. 未雨绸缪 9) Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量 10) Let bygones be bygone. 既往不咎
11) Look before you leap. 三思而后行 12) Man proposes，God disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天 13) Money talks. 金钱万能 14)No gains without pains. 吃得苦中苦方为人上人 15) Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 16) Silence is golden. 沉默是金
17) The ear1y bird catches the worm. 先到先得 18) Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不饶人 19) Just as the Swedish proverb goes, shared joy is a double joy; shared sorrow is half a sorrow. 20) Every coin has two sides 21）Many hands make light work . 22) Rome wasn‟t built in a way 23) Strike while the iron is hot
24) Great mind think alike. 25) Failure is the mother of success.
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高中英语句型归纳
1. be doing/ be about to do/ had done…, when…(when：这时, 强调一个动作的突然发生) 1). I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. 2). I was about to leave when it began to rain.
3). I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over. 2. It was (not ) + 时间段+before +一般过去时 过了一段时间就…….. It will (not )be+ 时间段+before +一般现在时 要过一段时间才会… It is/ has been +时间段+ since…..sb did It was +时间段+ since…..sb had done It was +点时间+ when…..定语从句 It was +时间状语+ that …..（强调句）
1). It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境危险（动作已
发生）
2). It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 还有半年你才从这个学校毕业（动作
未发生）
3). It is 3 years since he worked here.=he left here.（since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词，要从
这个动作结束的时候算起）
4). It was 3 o’clock when they received the telephone. 5) It was at 3 o’clock that they received the telephone.
3. no 比较级 than: A 与B都不……… /仅仅，只有 not比较级 than: A 不如B / 不超过，至多
more……… than……… 与其….倒不如……(= not as/ so……..as……) more than=not only 不仅仅……..
1). He works no harder than I.他和我都不用功 2). He doesn’t work harder than I.他不如我用功
3). There are no more than seven people in the room. 屋里仅有七个人 4). There are not more than seven people in the room. 屋里至多有七个人 5). He is more diligent than clever. 与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋 He is not as/ so clever as diligent.
6)It is more like a meeting than like a party.--> It is not as a party as a meeting
7).Mr. Zhang is more than my teacher, he is also my best friend.张先生不仅仅是我的老师，他还是
我的朋友
4. once…..一旦….., 表示时间和条件
1)Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work. 2). Once you have decided to do something, you should finish it and do it well.
5. The +比较级…….，the +比较级……..越……, 越……
1) The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get. 2)The busier he is, the happier he feels.
6. as if/ as though…..（表示与事实相反，用虚拟；若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实，则用陈
述语气）
1). He was in great trouble, but he acted as if nothing had happened.
2). Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if they had been friends for many years 3). The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.
7. n. /adj. / adv. / v. + as / though +主语+谓语，…… 尽管……,…….引导让步状语从句 1).Child as he is, I already know what career I want to follow. 2). Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 3). Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with his idea.
8. whether….or…. 无论是….还是….
1). Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned. 2). Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.
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9. 疑问词+ever 引导让步状语从句或名词性从句 no matter +疑问词, 引导让步状语从句
1). Whichever(=No matter which) you like, you can take it away .( 让步状语从句) You can take away whichever(=any one that) you like ( 名词性从句) 2). Whenever you comes, you will be welcome. ( 让步状语从句) 3). Whatever happens, I will support you. ( 让步状语从句)
4). Whoever breaks the law, he will certainly be punished. ( 让步状语从句) Whoever breaks the law will certainly be punished. ( 名词性从句) 5). However great the difficulty is, we can overcome it. ( 让步状语从句)
10. if/ as long as/so long as/ providing that/ provided that/ supposing that/ on condition that 假
如…..
1). I will lend you money on condition that you can return it within 3 months. 11. given that/ considering that 考虑到….., 鉴于……
1). Given her interest in children/ Given that she is interested in children, I’m sure teaching is the
right career for her.
2). Considering his age and his experience, he has done well.
12. in case that 句子
in case of…..名词 万一….., 以防….. 1). In case of fire, please dial 119 at once.
2). In case that John comes/ John should come, tell him to wait.
13. 祈使句+ or/otherwise +结果句 或 祈使句+ and +结果句
1). Stop doing such foolish thing, or you will be punished in time. 2). More effort, and the problem would have been settled. 3). Think it over, and you will find the answer.
14. so/ such……..that…….引导结果状语从句时须注意
当名词前many, much, little, few有修饰时, 用so不用such因为此时的中心词不再是名词，而是many, much, little, few这些表示数量的词。
1). The westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily. 2). There are so few fish in the lake that we couldn’t fish them easily. 当名词是单数可数名词，前面又由adj.修饰时，注意冠词的位置，即so+ adj +a(n)+n 或such+
a(n) + adj.+ n
1). He is such an honest person/ so honest a person that you can depend on him when you are in
trouble.
当so/such引导的部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构
1). Such great progress has he made in his studies that we all admire him.
当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such…….as to do结构。 1).The westerners eat so much fat and sugar as to put on weight easily. 15. so that 引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句
so that引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用（= in order that），当主从句主语一致时可
转换为so as to do/ in order to do.
1). He turned up the radio a little so that he could hear the news clearly. He turned up the radio a little so as to hear the news clearly.
2). He closed all the windows while driving so that he shouldn’t catch cold.(否定句中情态动词用shouldn’t)
so that 引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用
1). He turned up the radio a little so that he heard the news clearly.
16.can never/ can’t 与too, too much, enough, over- 搭配表示“无论怎样….都不过分”
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1). While you are doing your homework, you can’t be careful enough. 2). He is such a great man that we can’t praise him too much.
3). William Hartley was handsome, determined and hardworking, in a word, I couldn’t speak too
highly of him.
4). The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English, so
we can’t overemphasize the importance of learning English. 5). Since it is a good thing, we can’t do it too soon. 17. 不定式作主语，it作形势主语：
It +系动词+adj./ n..+ for sb. to do (for sb.表示形容词说明动作的特点 It +系动词+adj.+ of sb. to do （of sb.表示人所具备的性质或特征） 1). It’s important for us to have a good knowledge of English. 2). How rude of him to treat a child like that!
3). It’s thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night. 18. 不定式作宾语，it作形势宾语：
主语+think/ consider/believe/ make/ feel+ it +adj./n. +for sb./ of sb. +to do 1). I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man.
2). The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well. 19. won’t/ can’t have sb. doing/ done 不能容忍某行为发生
1). You are too rude, and I won’t have you speaking to Mother like that again. 2). We can’t have anything done against the school rules. 20. It is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed…..that……
Sb. is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed to do没有做 /to be doing 正在做/to have done已经做 sth. is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed to be done没有被做 to have been done已经被做
1). It is said that he is studying abroad.--> He is said to be studying abroad.
2).It is considered that many countries highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace. Many countries is considered to highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace. 21. 表示过去原打算干，却未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图
had hoped to do=hoped to have done.。类似的词还有：expect, think, intend, design, plan,
mean, suppose等
would like/prefer/ love to have done was/ were to have done
was/were supposed to have done
1).--- Did you go to see the film “Titanic” last night? ---I’d like to have, but I had an unexpected guest.
2). The plane was to have take off at 7 this morning, but was held up by the heavy fog.
22. How did sb come to do…..? = How come that….为什么会…../……是怎么回事？表示要求对所发
生的事情说明理由或做出解释
1). How did you come to find out where she’s living?= How come that you found out…. 你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的?
2). How come that you sat there ,doing nothing?为什么坐在那儿什么也不干? 3). How did he come to be so foolish?
23.It is (not ) like sb. to do….. ….（.不）像某人的所作所为
1). It’s like him to answer for what he has done.敢对自己的行为负责，这是他的一贯作风 2). It’s not like him to have been so rude to his mother. 24. when it comes to….. 当谈到或涉及到……
1). He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer, he will be excited and full of
energy.
2). When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never complains.
25.every time/ each time/ next time/ the first time/ any time等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当…..,
每次…..,下次…..”
1). Every time you meet with new words while reading, don’t always refer to your dictionary. When you meet with new words every time…..
2) Next time you come , do remember to bring your son here. 3) You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
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26. There is (no) need to do…../ for ….-It is( not )necessary for sb. to do…. There is( no )hope/ chance / possibility of doing…/that clouse . There is( no )difficulty/ trouble/ point/ delay( in )doing 1). Is there any chance of us/ our winning the match? 2). There is no point in discussing the problem again. 27.It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人来做某事……..
1) ---When shall we start out? ---It’s up to you to decide. 2). It’s up to you to babysit my so while I am away on business. 28.be up to sth. 忙于….., 从事……., 胜任…..
1). John isn’t really up to that job. 约翰不适合干那项工作 2).What have you been up to recently? 最近你一直在忙些什么
29. It is time to do/ It is time that +主语+动词的一般过去式 该是做…..的时候了 It is time that we ended the discussion. 30. it 强调句：
基本构成形式：It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分 e.g.: I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调是我，不是别人)
It was him who/ that I met in the street yesterday afternoon.( 强调我遇见的是他，不是别人) It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.( 强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，
强调的是地点，但不用where)
It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street (强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候, 强
调的是时间，但不用when)
强调句的一般疑问句：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
强调句的特殊疑问句：What/ When/ Where/ Who/ How……is/ was it + who/ that+原
句剩余部分
1). Who was it that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?
Tell me who it was that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon? 31.do, did, does 用于强调谓语动词，加强语气
1). He is a good student.--> He does be a good student 2). He helped us yesterday. He did help us yesterday. 3). Be careful! Do be careful! 32.There be 句型：
there be 之后如有几个并列主语，be 动词的选择要取决于第一个主语，即就近原则。 1). There is a pen and two books on the desk.--> There are two books and a pen on the desk. There be 句型中，be动词还有其他变化形式，常见的有：There seem to be, There happen to be, There used to be, There is likely to be, There have been/has been 等 1). There seems/ appears to be much hope of our team winning the match. 2). There happened to be nobody in the room when I came in. 3). There have been great changes in my hometown since 1978. 4). There used to be a bus station at the corner of the street.
5). There are likely to be more difficulties than expected while we are carrying out the plan. There be句型的独立主格结构作状语：（有连词，用句子，没有连词，用独立结构） 1). There being no buses, we had to walk home.
= Because there were no buses, we had to walk home.
2). There having been no rain for a long time, the crops in the field died.
= Because there had been no rain for a long time, the crops in the field died. There be句型的非谓语形式：
1). I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding between us. 2). We expect there to be a chance of studying abroad.
3). It is usual for there to be a generation gap between parents and children. 33. not/ never ……. until 直到…..才
1). The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution
was. (强调句)
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Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装
句）
34. not only….. but (also)…..
引导并列结构：主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。
1). Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly.
Not only the students but also the teacher has his eyes examined regularly. 2). They suggested we should not only attend the party, but give a performance. They suggested we should give a performance as well as attend the party
not only….. but (also)…..引导并列句时，not only引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装 1). Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was taken away. 2). Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to enjoy ourselves in our
spare time.
35. prefer to do A rather than do B…（两者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B == would rather do A than do B
1). I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the park in such weather. 2). Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefer to ride a bicycle.
36.would rather +从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的
愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望）
1). I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在就把信寄出去。
2). ---A friend of yours will come to see you today. 你的一位朋友今天要来看你。 --- I’d rather he came here tomorrow. 我倒情愿他明天来。
3). I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. 我
倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。 4). I’d rather I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没见到她。
37. 不能用would rather sb. do （更愿让某人干某事）的形式，可转化为would rather have sb do
或转化为 would rather +从句
**1). Who would you rather _____ with the teacher about the problem? A. talking B. talk C. have talked D. have talk 答案：D 38. so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句
表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句，助
动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。 1). He has finished his homework, so have I. 2). My sister prefers coffee, so do I.
3). John can’t ride a bicycle, neither/ nor can I. 4). If he buys the book, so will his classmates.
若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用It is /was the
same with sb. 或 So it is/ was with sb.
1). He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.
若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。 1). ---It is cold today. ---Yes. So it is
2). ---He visited Tokyo last week. --- Yes. So he did. 39. 倍数表达法：
A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length……)+of B A + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as B
A + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than B A + 谓语+adj. 比较级+than B+by+倍数 1).This square is twice the size of that one. This square is twice as large as that one. This square is once larger than that one.
2).This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago. 3).He is 3 years older than I- He is older than I by 3 years 40. sb. spend money/ time on sth.
in doing sth
sb. pay money (to sb) for sth. sth. cost sb. money/ time
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It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1). The time he spends watching TV is as much as he does doing his homework. 2). The mp3. for which he paid only ￥150 proved to be useful. 3). The naughty boy cost his mother many sleepless nights.
41. 当all, each, both, every 基every, each 的复合词语否定词连用时，为部分否定，“并非都….” 1). Not all of them went to the party last night.--> All of them didn’t go to the party last night. 2). Both of the answers are not right.(=Only one of the two answers is right.) 3). We couldn’t eat in the restaurant, because ___ of us had ____ money. A. all, no B. all, any C. none , any D. none, no 答案：C
42.as/ with表示“随……进展”，as 后面接句子，with后面接短语
1). With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious. As the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious. 43.Only if 与If only
Only if=if, 引导条件状语从句
1). ---Only if I lend you a hand? ---I’m sure I can finish it on time.
If only = How I wish…., 引导的句子用虚拟语气，表示难以实现的愿望
*** If only = How I wish 主语+情态动词+V.（谓语动词的动作在wish之后进行）
主语+动词的一般过去式（谓语动词的动作与wish同时进行） 主语+had done（谓语动词的动作在wish之前进行） 1). If only we didn’t have so many examines! 2). If only he could come tomorrow!
3). If only I hadn’t made so many mistakes !
3). He couldn’t work out a single problem when he was in the exam. hall. How he wished he knew
all the answer!
He couldn’t work out a single problem when he was in the exam. hall. How he wished he had studied hard before!
44. with 的复合结构（作状语或作定语） with+ n. +n. (with可以省略)
1). The workforce is made up of 400 workers, (with )most of them women.(=most of whom are women./ and most of them are women.)
with+ n. +adj. (with可以省略)
1).(With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully. Because the street were wet and slippery, ……….
2). The students were listening to the teacher, (with)their eyes wide open.
The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes were wide open. with+ n. +adv. (with可以省略)
1). He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side out with+ n. +prep-phrase (with可以省略)
1). The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his mouth.(Also: pipe in mouth) with+ n.+ to do/ to be done （动词不定式的动作还未进行）
with+ n.+ doing/ being done （动词不定式的动作正在进行）
with+ n.+ done （动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n. 所处的状态） 1). With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard year. 2). He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the ceiling 3). With the temple being repaired, we can’t visited it.
45. 以here, there, in, out, up, down等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作。) 1). Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming here! ) 2). Away he went. 他走远了（若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装）
46. 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句
1). In front of the house stopped a police car.
2).Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.
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47. 具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。常用的此有：little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no time, by no means, in no case 等 1). Not a single mistake did he make in the exam.
2). In no time did the man realize what was happening. 3).In no case can you tell him the truth.
4). Hardly had the train left when he remembered he had left his suitcase on it. No sooner had the train left than he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.
48.the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, on doing…表示“一….就” 1). On arriving (his arrival )at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters . 2). ---Have you give John the book? ---Yes, the moment I saw him.
49. rather than
1).It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.
2).It is the boss who is to blame rather than the workers.
50. while/ but ：while侧重两者之间的对比，but 多指一件事的两个对立面。 1). He likes listening to music while I like watching TV. 2). I badly wanted that book, but I haven’t enough money.
51. only to do 作结果状语，多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。动词多是终结性的词，如：find, learn, to be told, to be caught等
1). His father disappeared, never to heard from again.
2). He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed. 52.one moment…… and now…….刚才还…….现在却……
1). One moment the two boys were playing, and now they are quarrelling. 2). One moment it was fine, and now it is raining.
53. of +n. 表示某物具备某种性质或特征
1). New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world. 2). They are of the same height.
3). Coins are of different sizes, weights, shapes and of different metals. 4). Sports and games are of great value for children’s study. 54.only +状语的结构放在句首，主句要部分倒装
1). The teacher told me that only in that way, could I learn English well.
2). I received my mother’s call at 11a.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.
55. What do you think of……? （这三个句式用来询问某人对某个事物的评价或看法， How do you find……? 其回答应该是评价性的话语） How do you like…..?
1). ---How do you find the film last night? ---I have never seen a worse one before.
56. What is/was………like? 用来询问人或事物的特征或本质 1). ---What is your mother like?
---She is a very nice person./ She is very beautiful./ She looks like her father. 2). ---What is the weather going to be this weekend? ---It is going to be fine.
57.虚拟语气中的重点句型
If +were/ did (动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+do（用
来表示对现在情况的假设）
1). I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to contract others. If +had done (过去完成式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+have
done（用来表示对过去情况的假设）
1). If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer.
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If +were/ did (动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+ do were to do
should do （用来表示对将来情况的假设）
1). If I were not to take/ should take/ took the exam tomorrow, I would go shopping with you. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装：在虚拟语气条件句中，如果出现助动词were, should, had， 可省略if, 把这些词提到主语前面，变成倒装句。
1). Should he act like that again, he would be fined. If he should act like that again, …… Were he to act like that again, he would be fined. If he were to act like that again, …… ***If he acted like that again, ……（不可以倒装）
2). Had the doctor come in time last night, the boy would have been saved. If the doctor had come in time last night, ………..
3). If I had time now, I would go to the film with you. （不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词） But for….--> If it were not for…../ If it hadn’t been for
1). But for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved. If it hadn’t been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board…… 2). But for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.
If it were not for your rich parents, you wouldn’t live such a easy life.
再suggest, insist, demand, require, request, order, advise, propose等表示建议、要求、命令、
主张的动词引导的名词性从句中，从句的谓语动词要用(should )do的形式
1). Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed before 9 o’olock.
对比：He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张） 2). His suggestion that Tony (should) be invited to the party was refused.（同位语从句）
对比：His words suggested that he was very angry with me.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张） 58. taste, smell, look, sound, feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。 1). Apple of this kind taste very nice.
2). Smelling nice, this kind of bread sells well.
59.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某种特征。常用的词有sell, cut , wash, last, burn等。
1).His latest work sells well 2). Dry wood burns easily.
60.否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义 1).I have never seen a better film.
2).I can’t agree you more. 我非常同意
61.替代句型：英语中为了避免重复，在比较从句中常用一些替代词来代替前文出现过的词。 用助动词代替主句中的有关动词： 1). I earn more than I did in the past.
2). John spends as much time watching TV as he does writing. 3). China is no longer what it was/ used to be. 拥代词代替前文出现过的有关名词：
that 代替指物的单数可数名词或抽象不可数名词，一般是特指的 those 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是特指的=the ones one 代替指人或指物的单数可数名词，一般是泛指的 ones 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是泛指的
1). The output of coal this year is twice as much as that of last year. 2). The students in this class are more active than those in that one. 3). A bridge made of steel is stronger than one made of stones. 4). Small bananas usually taste better than bigger ones
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作文预测
话题：诚信
在我们生活中确实存在着一些不讲诚信的现象(如，有毒奶粉、毒馒头、考试作弊等)，请举一例说明，并称述诚信的意义和你的观点。 毒奶粉 fake milk powder 毒馒头tainted steamed buns 范文：
Almost all of us heard the story “Here Comes the Wolf” when we were little kids. What we can learn from the story is that we must be honest. However, there’re lots of phenomena of dishonesty nowadays。
Being dishonest does great harm not only to other people but also to yourself. Take the case of fake milk powder for example. After drinking this kind of milk, the babies had big heads while their legs and arms were still thin, which badly affected their health. To our great relief, the producers got accused and punished for all the serious consequences in the end。
Having the reputation of being honest and reliable will make other people trust you, which will provide you many benefits and give you opportunities that others may not get. Being honest, you will find it easier to cooperate with others and people will be friendly to you and support you. In a sense, if life is a long journey, honesty will be the backpack that should be taken along all the way. Let’s pick up our “backpack”—honesty, and start the wonderful journey!
话题 ：信心
要点：1.生活中困难不可避免，面对困难需要信心；2.试举一例说明信心在学习（考试、生活等）方面的作用；3.你对困难的态度。
范文：It is universally acknowledged that we exist in a competitive world with various difficulties. When we are faced with them，nothing is more important than hope and self-confidence. With confidence，we can find sometimes the question is not as“huge”as we imagine.
Take most of us for example，the entrance exam to college seems to be a horrible monster. Accordingly，some people give up， but some persist. In my eyes，with confidence，right assessment of the difficulties as well as full preparation，we try and exert our strength，and then we will overcome all problems and challenges.
On the whole，I believe we youngsters should face the difficulties in the right way. And nothing is impossible，so just do it and brave it out！
话题： 孝顺
你校开展了“敬重父母”的活动，请你根据以下表格内容为你校的英语报刊写一则报道．
案旨 现状 尊敬父母是中华民族的传统美德(moral value)之一 大多数同学都是独生子女。只看重自己·不顾及父母 14
决定 措施 开展“敬重父母“的活动 制定了十条规定，提出要求。如：要记住父母的生日；父母进门要和他们打招呼等。 注意：1.报道应有标题； 2．报道必须包括所有内容要点，可以适当增加内容以使行文连贯； 3.词数：不少于100词。 【参考范文】
Respecting Parents Program
Showing respect to parents is one of the Chinese traditional moral values, As most of the students today are “the only child” in their family, they often regard themselves as the “centre” of the family without caring much about their parents, our school started a program, which is called “Respecting Parents Program”, Ten “do‟s” have been worked out for the students to follow clearly and easily, including
“Remember your parents‟ birthdays and express your good wishes to them, say hello to your parents when you see them returning home and so on,”The program has been successfully winning praises from parents and society. People say that is what we should have done earlier.
话题：环保
某英语报向中学生征集关于开展研究性学习的文章，请你根据提示，用英语写一篇介绍你校研究性学习活动的短文。 研究主题 你们小组的研究课题 丰富多彩，选择性强，如当地风俗习惯、人民生活变化、环境保护等。 1. 你家乡河流的污染问题； 2. 三大污染源：工厂废水、生活污水、农民使用的农药； 3. 建议 … 感想与体会 注意：、 1. 开头语已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可根据内容要点适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译； 3. 词数：120左右。
参考词汇：agricultural chemicals
Nowadays we are required to do research work apart from the lessons we learn in school. We are very interested in this kind of activity. 【参考范文】
Nowadays we are required to do research work apart from the lessons we learn in school．We are very interested in this kind of activity．We have a variety of subjects to choose from，such as local customs，changes of people's living conditions，and protection of the environment．
Last term our group made a study of the pollution in a river in my hometown．The river used to be clean．but now it is dirty and t}lo water gives off a terrible smell．Our research shows that the river is mainly polluted by the waste water from the factories．Waste water from people‟s daily life and agricultural chemicals also lead to the pollution of the river．To deal with the problem．we call for people to be aware of how serious the situation is and do something about it．
Through our research，not only did we gain practical experience。but also we developed various abilities．We find such research very valuable and helpful．
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话题：对于考试的态度
作为中学生，你经历过多次考试，体验过成功，也遭遇过失败。请你根据提示内容，简要概述中学生中普遍存在的对考试失败的两种态度，并结合自身实际，说明你的态度及理由。 消极态度 ●情绪低落 ●丧失信心 ●不再继续努力 积极态度 ●分析失败原因 ●改进学习方法 ●增强自信心 你的态度及理由
注意：词数120左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
We middle school students have had many tests or exams
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】
We middle school students have had many tests or exams. We have both achieved success and suffered from failure. Different students take different attitudes to failure. Some fall in low spirits when they don‟t do well in the exams. They usually lose heart and no longer study as before. But most students take an active attitude towards failure. They encourage themselves to be self-confident. They try to find out and analyze the causes so that they will no longer make similar mistakes. They often turn to their teachers, classmates or friends for advice. I agree with those with active attitudes. As we all know, failure is the mother of success. Even great men have failed many times before they succeeded. So we must deal with our failure correctly.
话题：校园生活
某校高三年级对如何填报高考志愿作了 一次问卷调查，结果如下图所示，请根据图中信息简要介绍这次调查结果并发表你个人看法。 约35%的同学认为 1．应以个人兴趣为主 2．兴趣是成功之母 3．被迫学自己不感兴趣的专业是痛苦的。 约45%的同学认为 1．应以社会需要为主 2．将来容易找到工作 3．兴趣是可以培养和改变的 你的看法 …… 注意：词数：150左右 【参考范文】
Recently a survey was conducted among the students in one school about how to choose their courses and universities. Senior middle school graduates of our school have different opinions about it.
About 35%of the students believe the choice should be based on their own interests. They say interest is the mother of success. It is a miserable thing to have to spend most of your time studying what you have no interest in.
Most student（around 45%, however, insist that main consideration should be given to the needs of the society, for, they argue, not everyone can find the job they like best. Besides, interest can be born and lost. In my opinion, it‟s really difficult to make a choice and would rather depend on their parents or teachers to make a decision for them. ..….
我们的家乡正在争创全国文明城市，然而在我们的生活中，依然能看到很多不文明的现象，比如乱扔垃圾，随地吐痰，违反交通规则等，作为一个中学生，提出倡议和我们可以做到的几点具体做法，
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并谈谈你的看法。写一份100-120字的倡议书。
Our hometown is now establishing National Civilized city , and everyone is making his contribution to the task. However, we can still find some unpleasant scenes.
It is not a rare phenomenon that we can find some people littering around, spiting about , which will surely have a bad effect on forming a healthy social behavior. What’s worse, frequently, some people neglect the traffic rules, such as jaywalk and even drunk driving, which will cause the traffic accidents to happen.
I think it is high time for us to get rid of these habits and we should advocate forming a healthy and civilized social behavior. Only when everyone takes action and makes our bit of efforts can we make our city more attractive and civilized.
More sentences:
We should advocate starting a campaign to get rid of those bad habits. I believe, with its beautiful scenery ,warmhearted people , nice environment, and our civilized behaviors , we will surely create a more attractive ,harmonious city.
作文中常用的词组及短句
1． 表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this． 2）The reasons for this are as follows． 3）The reason for this is obvious． 4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．6）We have good reason to believe that．．．
例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people‟s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life． 注：写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。 如：Great changes have taken place in our life．
There are three reasons for this．这样写可避免套用中的表达失误。 2．表示好处
1）It has the following advantages．2）It does us a lot of good．3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us． 5）It is of great benefit to us．
例如：Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm． 3）It is harmful to us．
例如：However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth． 2）We think it necessary to do sth． 3）It plays an important role in our life．
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例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take some effective measures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示变化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world‟s communications． 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．
例如：Some changes have taken place in people‟s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事实、现状
1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．． 2）No one can deny the fact that．．． 3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in． 5）However，that‟s not the case．
例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比较
1）Compared with A，B．．．2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV． 3）There is a striking contrast between them． 例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people‟s health by giving them due physical exercise．
9．表示数量
1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．
例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people‟s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．
再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth． 2）People have different opinions on this problem． 3）People take different views of（on）the question．
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4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
例如：People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．
再如：Do “lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it． 注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
11．表示结论
1）In short，it can be said that ．．．2）It may be briefly summed up as follows． 3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．． 例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however，its method should be improved．
注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。
12．套语
1）It‟s well known to us that ．．． 2）As is known to us，．．． 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．． 5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．
例如：As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus． The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．
再如：Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．
Culture 文化篇
A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight.(P. B. Shelley , British poet )
伟大的诗篇即是永远喷出智慧和欢欣之水的喷泉。 (英国诗人 雪莱. P. B) Art is a lie that tells the truth .( Picasso , Spanish painter ) 美术是揭示真理的谎言。 (西班牙画家 毕加索)
Humor has been well defined as thinking in fun while feeling in earnest. (Mark Twain , American novelist ) 幽默被人正确地解释为\"以诚挚表达感受，寓深思于嬉笑\"。(美国小说家 马克•吐温)
The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation ; the two keep in their downward tendency.( Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German poet )
文学的衰落表明一个民族的衰落。这两者走下坡路的时间是齐头并进的。 (德国诗人 歌德 . J . W .) When one loves one's art no service seems too hard .(O. Henry, American novelist) 一旦热爱艺术，什么奉献也不难。 (美国小说家 欧•亨利)
Education 教育篇
And gladly would learn , and gladly teach .( Chaucer , British poet) 勤于学习的人才能乐意施教。(英国诗人, 乔叟)
Better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune .(Plato , Ancient Greek philosopher)
与其不受教育,不如不生,因为无知是不幸的根源.(古希腊哲学家 柏拉图)
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Friendship 友谊篇
\"Some friends come and go like a season. Others are arranged in our lives for good reason.\" ---Sharita Gadison
\"A true friend is someone you can disagree with and still remain friends. For if not, they weren't true a friends in the first place
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