句子的类型
一、简单句
There are three hundred students in the school.
My mother can drive.
Tommy had a high fever last night.
My cousin sent me an E-mail just now.
The interesting stories made us laugh together.
The music sounds beautiful.
二、并列句
常见的并列句由and, but, or, so, for等连接：
It’s February, and it’s very cold.
My son likes to eat chocolates , but he hates to be fat.
Take a map with you, or you’ll be lost.
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Danny always feels nervous, so he decided to see the doctor.
He didn’t come to the party, for he was very busy that day.
三、复合句
1、状语从句
1）时间状语从句：
When spring comes, we can see people flying kites in the countryside.
I’ll give him the book as soon as I see him.
We must study at school until we are sixteen.
After he left school, he joined the army.
The young couple have moved to Beijing since they got married.
Miss Wang turned off the light as she left the office.
The foreigner had learned Chinese for two years before he came to china.
2) 条件状语从句：If you are free, you will visit your grandpa.
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If I were you, I would be happy.
3) 原因状语从句：He didn’t go to school because he had a high fever.
Now that you know smoking is harmful, you should try to give it up.
Since everyone is here, let’s begin.
4) 让步状语从句：Chinese food is wonderful though it’s quite different from the American food.
Although we are not rich, we are still happy.
5) 目的状语从句：Speak loudly so that everyone in the class can hear you.
6) 结果状语从句：The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
The old man was so tired that he couldn’t walk any more.
7) 比较状语从句：Books are cheaper than computers.
I can play tennis as well as you.
2、宾语从句
句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时,我
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们把这个句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句的三要点：
1）、引导词: that if /whether what when how why ……
2）、从句语序:引导词后跟陈述句语序／主谓结 构
3）、从句的时态：（１）主句一般现在时从句的时态看时间状语；（２）主句一般过去时从句的时态必须用过去时的范畴
引导词：取决于从句的句型
1.从句是陈述句时，引导词用that.
‘Kate will go with Lily.’
He tells me _________________________.
2.从句是一般疑问句时，引导词用if 或 whether.
‘Is he a teacher ?’
I want to know ___________________________ .
3.从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词。
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Where is Tom’s book?
She asks _____________________________.
从句语序：一律用陈述语序
主句+引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他
He asked me when I arrived in Shanghai .
I want to know if they will go there.
Could you tell me what you are reading?
I don't know where he lives
主、从句的时态呼应
1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。
2.主句是一般过去时，从句用过去范畴的时态。
3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真
理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。
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e.g: He says that he is reading a book now.
He said that he would work hard.
They said they had been to France.
The students asked me if the earth goes round the sun.
注意
1、主句为现在时态，从句时态不受主句约束。
2、从句为客观真理，从句时态不受主句约束
3、主句为过去时态，从句改为相应过去时态。
中考演练
一、Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)
（ ）1．He didn’t remember ______ his watch.
A. where he had put B. where he has put
C. where had he put D. where has he put
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（ ）2. I don’t know ______ last night.
A. why they didn’t go to the movies
B. when they didn’t go to the movies
C. why didn’t they go to the movies
D. when didn’t they go to the movies
（ ）3. The old man wondered _______.
A. whether the American pilot had seen UFOs
B. whether had the American pilot seen UFOs
C. how had the American pilot seen UFOs
D. that the American pilot had seen UFOs
（ ） 4. He hasn’t decided ________.
A. if he’ll go on a trip to Wuxi
B. when will he go on a trip to Wuxi
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C. if he goes on a trip to Wuxi
D. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi
（ ） 5. Miss Li wants to know ______ next week.
A. when my uncle leaves
B. when will my uncle leave
C. where my uncle will stay
D. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi
（ ） 6．He asked me ______ during the winter holidays.
A. where I had gone B. where I had been
C. where had I gone D. where had I been
（ ） 7. Will you please tell me _____?
A. where Pudong Airport is
B. how for Pudong Airport was
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C. how can we go to Pudong Airport
D. when was Pudong Airport built
（ ）8. I’d like to know _______.
A. when will he give back the tape
B. whether has he received higher education
C. that he has been busy
D. whether she will join in our English Evening
( )9. _______ all the passengers are here, why don’t we start at once?
A. As soon as B. After C. Now that D. when
( )10. Bob spends a lot of money on books _____ he is not rich.
A. if B. though C. Now that D. when
( )11. Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris’ Charles De Gaulle Airport ______ the whole roof (屋顶)fell down.
A while B. as soon as C. when D. after
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( ) 12. A good friend always gives you a helping hand ______ you’re in trouble.
A. when B. before C. until D. though
( ) 13. She will have a holiday as soon as she ___________the work next week.
A. finished B. finishes C. will finish D. has finished
( ) 14. Could you tell me______________?
A. why did you look worried B. whom are you looking for
C. what’s wrong with your leg D. when he has gone
( ) 15. Could you tell me ______________my baby boy is badly ill or not ?
A. if B. whether C. that D. when
( ) 16. The patients will have to wait all day _____________the doctors work faster .
A. if B. until C. unless D. or
( ) 17. Tom kept quiet about the accident ______________ lose his job .
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A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to
( ) 18. I hurried _____________ I wouldn’t be late for class.
A. since B. so as to C. so that D. unless
( ) 19. Do you still remember ______________ at the meeting ?
A. that Jim said B. did Jim said that C. what Jim said D. what did Jim said
( ) 20. Please tell us_____________ they will go to France to spend this summer holiday .
A. who B. that C. where D. if
( ) 21. People recycle the old newspapers _________ waste them .
A. so that B. so as to C. so as not to D. so that don’t
( ) 22. To every doctor , the most important thing is _________people’s lives .
A. save B. saves C. saved D. to save
( ) 23. The problem of what must __________ to stop pollution is __________ again and again at our discussion.
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A. be done , raised B. do , raised C. be done , raise D. do , raise (提出)
( ) 24. ---________is the Children’s Palace ?
---About 20 minutes’ walk.
A. How soon B. How long C. How far D. How much
( ) 25.. He has got a lot to do in Nanjing, so he won’t be home _________day after tomorrow.
A. as B. since C. until D. past
二、Rewrite the sentences as required（改写句子）
1. I don’ know when we shall leave for Nanjing.
I don’t know when ____ _____ for Nanjing.
2. The water was so dirty that we couldn’t drink it.
The water was ______ dirty for us ______ drink it.
3. The poor child was so luck that she received many books form Project Hoe.
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The poor child was________ _____ to receive many books from Project Hope.
4. Can you tell me when I should water the flowers?
Can you tell me ____ _____ water the flowers?
5. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.
The words on the notice board are _____ small ____ I can’t see them clearly.
6. I won’t go with you unless you help me do the washing.(用if 改写句子)
I won’t go with you ______ you ______ help me do the washing.
I _____ go with you _____ you help me do the washing.
7. The ice cream will melt, so you’d better put it in the fridge at once.
The ice cream will melt _____ you _____ put it in the fridge at once.
8. Put on your coat, or you’ll catch a cold.
_____ you ______ put on your coat , you’ll catch a cold.
同步精练
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一、 Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）
1. I wanted to know whether _________ find out the truth of yesterday’s accident.
A. they can B. can they C. they could D. could they
2. You see, these coats are very nice. I really don’t know ___________.
A. which to buy B. how to buy C. what to buy D. when to buy
3. Can you tell me _________ the Shanghai Library?
A. the way to B. how can I get to C. how to arrive in D. where is
4. Could you tell me when ___________ leave for London?
A. will you B. would you C. you will D. you would
5. I haven’t decided ___________ I will go to Mary’s birthday party or not.
A. whether B. weather C. when D. that
6. Do you know when __________?
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A. the sports meeting will begin B. will the sports meeting begin
C. the sports meeting begins D. will begin the sports meeting
7. I hope __________ late again.
A. for you not to be B. you not to be C. your not being won’t be
8. He knows Beijing very well. He said he ___________.
A. had gone there twice B. had been to there twice
C. had been there twice D. had gone to there twice
9. I really don’t know ___________ between the two books.
A. what to choose B. which to choose
C. to choose which D. to choose what
10. Could you tell me ___________?
A. what is the boy’s name B. what name the boy is
C. what the boy’s name is D. what is the name of the boy
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D. you
11. He didn’t know ___________?
A. what is wrong with him B. what was wrong with him
C. what wrong is with him D. what wrong was with him
12. I don’t know if the headmaster ___________ today. Please call me when he _________.
A. comes…comes B. will come…will come
C. will come…comes D. comes…will come
13. I’ve never seen so many beautiful pictures. I don’t know ___________.
A. which could take B. which one to take
C. what to take D. to take what
14. ___________ you’ve got a chance, you may make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
15. I’m afraid her plane will be very late __________ it is raining so hard.
A. now that B. because C. when D. though
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16. Betty ran __________ fast __________ she got the first place at the school sports meeting.
A. so … that B. not … until C. such … that D. as … as
17. Jim had graduated from the university _________ his mother arrived in England.
A. as soon as B. now that C. by the time D. so that
18. --- I’m going to the post office.
---__________ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
19. I didn’t go to bed __________ I finished all of the homework.
A. after B. before C. when D. until
20. _________ she is very young, she can take care of herself.
A. Because B. Though C. For D. Where
21. The doctor didn’t stop working __________the operation was over.
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A. and B. or C. after D. until
22. You must get up before six, _________you will be late for the meeting.
A. but B. so C. and D. or
23. ______________everyone is here. Let’s set out at once.
A. For B. Since C. After D. Until
24. We have learned a lot _________ we came here.
A. by B. after C. for D. since
25. The students stopped talking __________ the bell rang.
A. as well as B. as soon as C. because D. so that
二、 Rewrite the following sentences.（ 改写句子）
1. I don’t know when to leave for Japan.
I don’t know when ________ _________ leave for ground.
2. Mrs. Yellow told Tim that he can’t throw paper on the ground.
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Mrs. Yellow told Tim _________ _________ throw paper on the ground
3. Peter wanted to know which event to enter for.
Peter wanted to know which event _________ _________ enter for.
4. The students asked when they can have their holiday.
The students asked _________ __________ have their holiday.
5. Li Pin got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
Li Pin got up early _________ _________ to catch the early bus.
6. We plant tree so as to keep that the earth from being blown away.
We plant trees so that ________ ________ keep the earth from being blown away.
7. Jack earns only a little money, but he is a happy man.
__________ Jack earns only a little money, he is a happy man.
8. Little Tom went to bed after his Mum came back.
Little Tom __________ go to bed __________ his Mum came back.
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9. John has got more stamps than I.
I haven’t got _________ __________ stamps as John.
10. The students practice singing every day in order to win the concert.
The students practice singing every day _________ _________ they can win the concert.
11. Stand up and you will see the notice.
_________ __________ stand up, you will see the notice.
12. Be on time or you will miss the best programme.
__________ you _________ on time, you will miss the best programme.
13. The box is so small that I can’t put the pen in it.
The box is ________ small for me _________ put the pen in.
The box _________ __________ enough for me to put the pen in.
14. He sings best in his class.
He sings better than _________ ___________ __________ in his class.
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_____________ ___________ sings better than he in his class.
15. He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.
He studies hard _________ _________ ____________ pass the exam.
He studies hard _________ ____________ ________ pass the exam.
He studies hard in order ____________ to _________ in the exam.
16. The room is so small that we can’t live in it.
The room is___________ small ________ _________ to live in.
17. The boy was too frightened to say a word.
The boy was _____________frightened __________ he couldn’t say a word.
18. He couldn’t go there at the moment because the weather was very bad.
He couldn’t go there at the moment _________ _____ the bad weather.
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