(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Part I Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
The single business of Henry Thoreau, during forty odd years of eager activity, was to discover an economy calculated to provide a satisfying life. His one concern, which gave to his ramblings in Concord fields a value of high adventure, was to explore the true meaning of wealth. As he understood the problems of economics, there were three possible solutions open to him, to exploit himself, to exploit his fellows, or to reduce the problem to its lowest denominator. The first was quite impossible——to imprison oneself in a treadmill when the morning called to great adventure. To exploit one's fellows seemed to Thoreau's sensitive social conscience an even greater infidelity. Freedom with abstinence seemed to him better than serfdom with material well-being, and he was content to move to Walden Pond and set about the high business of living, \"to front only the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach.\" He did not advocate that other men should build cabins and live isolated. He had no wish to dogmatize concernig the best mode of living——each must settle that for himself. But that a satisfying life should be lived, he was virtually concerned. The story of his emancipation from the lower economics is the one romance of his life, and Walden is his great book. It is a book in praise of life rather than of Nature, a record of calculating economies that studied saving in order to spend more largely. But it is a book of social criticism as well, in spite of its explicit denial of such a purpose. In considering the true nature of economy he concluded, with Ruskin, that the cost of a thing is the amount of life which is required in exchange for it, immediatey or in the long run. In Walden Thoreau elaborated the text: \"The only wealth is life.\\
（分数：7.50）
(1).The main idea of this paragraph is best expressed as ______.（分数：1.50） A.problems of economics B.Thoreau's philosophy √ C.Walden, Thoreau's greatest book D.how Thoreau saved money
解析：本文主要叙述梭罗如何寻求满意的生活，所以B。
(2).Thoreau's chief aim in life was to ______.（分数：1.50） A.discover a satisfactory economy √ B.do as little work as possible C.convert others to his way of life D.write about Nature
解析：根据本文的第一句话，可选出正确答案A。
(3).Thoreau's solution to the problem of living was to ______.（分数：1.50） A.study nature
B.make other men work for him C.work in a mill
D.live in a simple way √
解析：从文中我们可以了解到，梭罗寻求有节制的自由，他搬到沃尔登庞德去了，面对基本的生活必需，这说明他生活简朴。
(4).According to Thoreau, the wealth of an individual is measured by ______.（分数：1.50） A.the money he makes
B.the experience be gains √ C.the amount he saves D.the books he writes
解析：根据…and so set about the high business of living，“to front only the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach．”可以判断梭罗认为真正的财富要在生活中去发现，在经历事物中去发现。
(5).In Thoreau's opinion, the price of a thing should be measured in terms of ______.（分数：1.50） A.pleasure B.effort C.money D.life √
解析：最后两句是选D的依据。
三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
Montaigne's hold on his readers arises from many causes. There is his frank and curious self-delineation. That interests, because it is the revelation of a very peculiar nature. Then there is the positive value of separate thoughts imbedded in iris strange whimsicality and humor. Lastly, there is the perennial charm of style, which is never a separate quality, but rather the amalgam and issue of all the mental and moral qualities in a man's possession, and which bears the same relation to these that light bears to the mingled elements that make up the orb of the sun. And style, after all, rather than thought, is the immortal thing in literature. In literature, the charm of style is indefinable, yet all subduing, just as fine manners are in social life. In reality, it is not of so much consequence what you say, as how you say it. Memorable sentences are memorable on account of some irradiating word. \"But Shadwell never deviates into sense, for instance.\" Young Roscius, in his provincial barn, will repeat you the great soliloquy of Hamlet, and although every word may be given with tolerable correctness, you find it just as commonplace as himself. The great actor speaks it, and you \"read Shakespeare as by a flash of lightning\". And it is in Montaigne's style, in the strange freaks and turnings of his thought, his constant surprises, his curious alternations of humor and melancholy, his careless, familiar form of address, and the grace with which everything is done, that his charm lies, and which makes the hundredth perusal of him as pleasant as the first.
（分数：7.50）
(1).Literature lives because of the author's ______.（分数：1.50） A.ideas B.humor C.surprises D.style √
解析：由于作者的风格，文学得以存在。作者在文中说，文学中不朽的东西是风格，而非思想。所以D。 (2).Montaigne revealed ______.（分数：1.50） A.fine manners
B.a peculiar nature √ C.a formal style D.irradiating words
解析：文章的开头说，Montaigne能够吸引读者，原因是多方面的，他坦率而又奇特地进行自我描述；这给人以兴趣，因为他的自我描述揭示了一个非常特殊的本质。 (3).Shadwell is described as ______.（分数：1.50） A.literary B.foolish √
C.straightforward D.sensible
解析：答案的依据是：But Shadwell never deviates into sense。
(4).Roscius' reading of Hamlet is poor because he himself is ______.（分数：1.50） A.a farmer B.an actor C.incorrect D.ordinary √
解析：文中说，年轻的Roscius在狭窄的畜舍中老是向你重复哈姆雷特著名的独白，尽管吐词清楚，但是你会发现他的朗读像他本人一样普通。
(5).According to the author, style includes all of the items below EXCEPT ______.（分数：1.50） A.familiarity B.surprise C.thoughts √ D.contrast
解析：作者在3、4、5句中将thoughts(思想)和style(风格)区分开来，所以答案应选C。
四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
Many critics of the current welfare system argue that existing welfare regulations foster family instability. They maintain that those regulations, which exclude most poor husband and wife families from Aid to Families with Dependent Children assistance grants, contribute to the problem of family dissolution. Thus, they conclude that expanding the set of families eligible for family assistance plans or guaranteed income measures would result in a marked strengthening of the low income family structure. If all poor families could receive welfare, would the incidence of instability change markedly? The unhappily married couple, in most cases, remain together out of a sense of economic responsibility for their children, because of the high costs of separation, or because of the consumption benefits of marriage. The formation, maintenance, and dissolution of the family is in large part a function of the relative balance between the benefits and costs of marriage as seen by the individual members of the marriage. The major benefit generated by the creation of a family is the expansion of the set of consumption possibilities. The benefits from such a partnership depend largely on the relative dissimilarity of the resources or basic endowments each partner brings to the marriage. Persons with similar productive capacities have less economic \"cement\" holding their marriage together. Since the family performs certain function society regards as vital, a complex network of social and legal buttresses has evolved to reinforce marriage. Much of the variation in marital stability across income classes can be explained by the variation in costs of dissolution imposed by society, e. g. division of property, alimony, child support, and the social stigma attached to divorce.
Marital stability is related to the costs of achieving an acceptable agreement on family consumption and production and to the prevailing social price of instability in the marriage partners social economic group. Expected AFDC income exerts pressures on family instability by reducing the cost of dissolution. To the extent that welfare is a form of government subsidized alimony payments, it reduces the institutional costs of separation and guarantees a minimal standard of living for wife and children. So welfare opportunities are a significant determinant of family instability in poor neighborhoods, but this is not the result of AFDC regulations that exclude most intact families from coverage. Rather, welfare instability occurs because public assistance lowers both the benefits of marriage and the costs of its disruption by providing a system of government subsidized alimony payments.
（分数：7.50）
(1).Some criticize the current welfare regulations because ______.（分数：1.50）
A.those regulations encourage family dissolution √
B.the low-income families are not given enough family assistance grants C.they expand the set of families eligible for family assistance D.the guaranteed income measures are increased
解析：一些人批评现行的福利条例，因为这些条例促成了家庭的解体。答案的依据是本文开头的两句。这两句的意思是，许多批评现行福利制度的人认为，现行的福利条例促成了家庭关系的不稳定。由于这些条例把大多数由贫困夫妻组成的家庭排除在外，没有让他们享受为需要扶养的孩子所提供的津贴，因而导致了家庭的解体。
(2).According to this passage, family stability depends on ______.（分数：1.50） A.the couple's earning ability
B.the relative balance between the benefits and costs of marriage √ C.how much possessions the couple have before marriage D.a network of social and legal support
解析：根据这篇短文，家庭的稳定取决于婚姻的益处和婚姻的成本之间相对的平衡。作者在第二段第一句中明确指出了婚姻稳定的因素：与实现家庭消费和产出平衡的成本有关。
(3).All of the following are mentioned by the author as factors tending to perpetuate a marriage EXCEPT ______.（分数：1.50） A.the stigma attached to divorce B.the social class of the partners √ C.the cost of alimony and child support D.the loss of property upon divorce
解析：这是一道细节题。作者在第一段最后一句提到了A(the stigma attched to divorce)，C(the cost of alimony and child support)和D(the loss of property upon divorce)，它们均是使婚姻持久的因素，没有提到B。
(4).The author argues that ______.（分数：1.50）
A.the agreement between couples reinforce marital stability B.expected AFDC income helps to strengthen family stability C.AFDC regulations are to blame for family instability
D.public assistance upsets the balance between benefits and costs of marriage √
解析：根据第一段的“the formation．．．”得知，作者认为婚姻家庭的稳定与婚姻的获益和成本间的平衡有关。而最后一段末句指出公共福利的资助既降低了婚姻的获益，也减少了其解体的成本，因而导致了由于福利引起的婚姻的不稳定。
(5).The tone of the passage can best be described as ______.（分数：1.50） A.confident and optimistic B.scientific and detached √ C.discouraged and alarmed D.polite and sensitive
解析：作者在文中理性而又客观地分析了造成家庭婚姻解体的诸多因素，故选 B。
五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
The war was the most peaceful period of my life. The window of my bedroom faced southeast. My mother had curtained it, but that had small effect. I always woke up with the first light and, with all the responsibilities of the previous day melted, felt myself rather like the sun, ready to shine and feel joy. Life never seemed so simple and dear and full of possibilities as then. I stuck my feet out under the sheets—I called them Mrs. Left and Mrs. Right—and invented dramatic situations for them in which they discussed the problems of the day. At least Mrs. Right did; she easily showed her feelings, but I didn't have the same control of Mrs. Left, so she mostly contented herself with nodding agreement.
They discussed what Mother and I should do during the day, what Santa Claus should give a fellow for Christmas, and what steps should be taken to brighten the home. There was that little matter
of the baby, for instance. Mother and I could never agree about that. Ours was the only house in the neighborhood without a new baby, and Mother said we couldn't afford one till Father came back from the war because it cost seventeen and six. That showed how foolish she was. The Geneys up the road had a baby, and everyone knew they couldn't afford seventeen and six. It was probably a cheap baby, and Mother wanted something really good, but I felt she was too hard to please. The Geneys' baby would have done us fine.
Having settled my plans for the day, I got up, put a chair under my window, and lifted the frame high enough to stick out my head. The window overlooked the front gardens of the homes behind ours, and beyond these it looked over a deep valley to the tall, red-brick house up the opposite hillside, which were all still shadow, while those on our side of the valley were all lit up, though with long storage shadows that made them seam unfamiliar, stiff and painted.
After that I went into Mother's room and climbed into the big bed. She woke and I began to tell her of my schemes. By this time, though I never seem to have noticed it, I was freezing in my nightshirt, but I warmed up as I tallied until the last frost melted. I fell asleep beside her and woke again only when I heard her below in the kitchen, making breakfast.
（分数：7.50）
(1).How did the author feel early in the morning?（分数：1.50） A.He felt frightened by the war. B.He felt cheerful. √
C.He felt puzzled by the dramatic situations around him. D.He felt burdened with responsibilities.
解析：答案的依据是第一段第二句。作者说，他老是随着早晨的第一缕光线起床，前一天所有的精神负担都烟消云散，他觉得自己好像是闪闪发光的太阳，感到十分愉快。
(2).When he woke up in the morning, he would ______.（分数：1.50） A.visit Mrs. Left and Mrs. Right B.roll up the curtains
C.try to work out his plans for the day √ D.make Mrs. Left argue with Mrs. Right
解析：他早晨醒来以后，总是试图制定当天的计划。作者在倒数第二段开头说，制定完当天的计划以后，他就起床，把椅子放在窗前，把窗框高高地顶起，探出他的头。 (3).What did the author think of his mother?（分数：1.50） A.She was stubborn. √ B.She was poor.
C.She was not very intelligent. D.She did not love him very muc
解析：作者认为他母亲很顽固。作者说，要讨好他母亲很难(she was too hard to please)，故选A。 (4).Where was the author's father during the war?（分数：1.50） A.He was out on business. B.He was working in another town. C.He went traveling.
D.He was fighting in the front. √
解析：在战争期间，作者的父亲在前线作战。答案的依据是：we couldn't afford one till Father came back from the war。
(5).In which month did the story probably take place?（分数：1.50） A.In January. B.In September. C.In December. √ D.In November.
解析：这个故事很可能在12月发生。在倒数第三段的第一句中出现了Christmas一词，所以C，因为Christmas(圣诞节)是在12月25日。
六、Part Ⅱ Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)
1.In times of war, we must take precautions against acts of ______ as well as of direct violence.
（分数：0.50） A.viciousness B.sabotage √ C.pretext D.hatefulness
解析：(sabotage阴谋破坏，破坏活动)。句意为：在战争时期，我们既要防止直接的暴力又要防止暗中破坏。A．viciousness恶毒；C．pretext借口；D．hatefulness可恨。 2.Such an ______ act of hostility can only lead to war.
（分数：0.50） A.overt √ B.opportunistic C.occadional D.unequaled
解析：(overt公开的)。句意为：这样公开的敌对行动只会导致战争。B．opportunistic机会主义的；C．occasional偶然的；D．unequaled不能比拟的。
3.After graduation, he was ______ to a teaching post. But a year later, he resigned from the job and plunged himself into business.
（分数：0.50） A.dominated B.dispersed C.designated √ D.displaced
解析：(designate指定，选派)。句意为：毕业后，他被任命为教师。但是一年后，他辞职了，弃教从商。A．dominate支配，统治；B．disperse使分散，解散；D．displace移置，转移。
4.The spring floods had washed away the bridge, we were forced to take a ______ route.
（分数：0.50） A.circular B.fantastic C.damp
D.circuitous √
解析：(circuitous迂回的，绕行的)。句意为：春汛冲毁了那座桥，我们被迫绕着走。A．circular圆形的；B．fantastic幻想的；C．damp潮湿的。
5.I can think of nothing more ______ than arriving at the theater and discovering that I have left the tickets at home.
（分数：0.50）
A.vicious B.inviting C.vexatious √ D.immoral
解析：(vexatious使人恼火的)。句意为：我想不出有什么事情比到了戏院却把戏票丢在家里更让人恼火。A，vicious恶毒的；B．inviting诱人的；D．immoral不道德的。
6.We were unable to reach a decision because we felt that the speaker had been and had avoided answering many of our questions.
（分数：0.50） A.noncommital √ B.practical C.contentious D.unprepared
解析：(noncommital不明朗的)。句意为：我们不能作出决定，因为我们觉得发言人态度不明朗，避免回答我们的许多问题。B．practical实际的；C．contentious好争论的；D． unprepared毫无准备的。 7.In his researches on ______ diseases, he discovered many facts about the lungs of animals and human beings.
（分数：0.50） A.inherited B.chronic C.infectious D.pulmonary √
解析：(pulmonary肺的)。句意为：在研究肺病的过程中，他发现许多有关人和动物肺部的事实。A．inherited遗传的；D．chronic慢性的；C．infectious传染性的。
8.The pilot made an unexpected ______ because of engine trouble.
（分数：0.50） A.conclusion B.crash C.victory D.landing √
解析：(landing着陆，登陆)。句意为：飞行员出乎意料地着陆，因为发动机出了问题。A．conclusion．结论；B．crash坠毁，C．victory胜利。
9.The ditry tricks played upon the Secretary of the State are ______ by the high ranking officials behind the scenes.
（分数：0.50） A.reckoned B.meddled C.manipulated √ D.signified
解析：(manipulate操纵，摆布)。句意为：在国务卿面前玩弄的鬼把戏由那些高官在幕后一手操纵。A．reckon计算，认为；B．meddle干涉，干预；D．signify表明。
10.Despite all the reports of physicians and health authorities, some individuals find that cigarette smoking is ______.
（分数：0.50） A.habit-forming B.harmful C.stimulating √ D.maligant
解析：(stimulating刺激的)。句意为：尽管内科医生和卫生管理机构作了许多报道，但是一些人仍发现抽烟很刺激。A．habit—forming养成习惯的；B．harmful有害的；D． malignant恶毒的，恶性的。 11.My mother tried to ______ a little money each month for his summer ruction.
（分数：0.50） A.put forward B.set aside √ C.bring about D.make for
解析：(set aside留出)。句意为：我母亲每日尽量留出一点钱，准备度暑假。A． put forward提出；C．bring about带来，造成；D．make for走向，有利于。
12.The seminar, ______ by the Nobel Prize winner, probes the problem of wildlife extinction in African countries.
（分数：0.50） A.convened √ B.acquainted C.incurred D.hauled
解析：(convene召集)。句意为：这位诺贝尔奖获得者召集的专家讨论会对非洲一些国家野生动植物灭绝的问题进行了彻底的调查。B．acquaint使认识；C．incur招致；D．haul拖，拉。 13.He planned to go to France to ______ his art of painting.
（分数：0.50） A.cut out B.come by C.brush up √ D.make up
解析：(brush up重新学习，提高)。句意为：他打算到法国去进修绘画艺术。A． cut out剪去，删掉；B．come by得到，获得；D．make up构成，虚构，弥补。
14.Edison's retook that genius is \"one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration\" demonstrates that the ______ worker is valuable.
（分数：0.50） A.inspired B.assiduous √
C.perspired D.eager
解析：(assiduous刻苦的，勤奋的)。句意为；爱迪生说：“天才意味着百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水。”这说明勤奋十分宝贵。A．inspired直觉的；C．perspired流汗的； D．eager渴望的。 15.What we consider a luxury at one time frequently becomes a ______, many families find that ownership of two cars is indispensable.
（分数：0.50） A.fad
B.necessity √ C.trend D.nuisance
解析：(necessity必需品)。句意为：我们曾经认为是奢侈品的东西往往会成为必需品，如今许多家庭觉得必须拥有两辆小汽车。A．fad时尚；C．trend趋势；D．nuisance讨厌的东西。 16.They greeted his proposal with ______ and refused to give it serious study.
（分数：0.50） A.incredulity B.fickleness C.derision √ D.intensity
解析：(derision嘲笑，嘲弄)。句意为：他们对他的提议作出了嘲弄的反应，拒绝认真考虑该提议。A．incredulity不轻信，怀疑；B．fickleness感情多变；D．intensity强烈，剧烈。
17.The great ______ that have influenced the world's thinkers came not from committees but from individuals who groped for the truth in independent research.
（分数：0.50） A.obeservations √ B.generalization C.manifestation D.catastrophes
解析：(observations观察资料，观察数据)。句意为：对全世界的思想家产生影响的重要观察数据并非源自委员会，而是源自一些独立研究、探求真理的人。B．generalization概括；C．manifestation表明，现象；D．catastrophes大灾难。
18.In an allergic reaction, the immune system mistakenly ______ a harmless substance as a harmful one.
（分数：0.50） A.translates B.dubs
C.interprets √ D.produces
解析：(interpret把……理解为，把……看作)。句意为：在过敏反应中，免疫系统把一种无害的物质错误地当作是一种有害物质。A．translate翻译；B．dub为……配音；D． produce生产，产生。
19.When the news of his ______ with the enemy became known, he was hanged in effigy.
（分数：0.50） A.involement B.conversations C.collusion √ D.complacency
解析：(collusion共谋，勾结)。句意为：他与敌人勾结的消息尽人皆知，他的模拟像被处以绞刑。A．involvement牵连；B．conversations谈话；D．complacency自满。
20.The world's first national park, Yellowstone National Park , was established in Wyoming in 1872 to protect an area of ______ natural beauty.
（分数：0.50） A.incredulous √ B.incredible C.edible D.believable
解析：(incredible难以置信的，惊人的)。句意为：1872年世界上的第一座国家公园——黄石国家公园——建于怀俄明州，旨在保护非常美丽的风景区。B．incredulous不轻信的；C．edible可食用的；D．believable可信的。
21.These sporadic attacks seem to indicate that the enemy is waging a war of ______ rather than attacking us directly.
（分数：0.50） A.fragments B.attrition √ C.intensity D.words
解析：(attrition消耗)。句意为：这些断断续续的袭击似乎表明，敌人在打消耗战，而不是直接袭击我们。A．fragments碎片；C．intensity强烈；D．words词语。
22.In primitive times, poetry was written to be heard. Today, we frequently overlook the of the poet's work.
（分数：0.50） A.stylistic B.verbal C.primary D.oral √
解析：(oral口头的，口述的)。句意为：在古代，写诗歌的目的是让人听。如今，我们常常忽略诗人作品的口语特性。A．stylistic文体上的；B．verbal语言的：C．primary最初的，原始的。 23.The book, published ______, revived our interest in the author who had just died.
（分数：0.50） A.anonymously
B.privately C.recently D.posthumously √
解析：(posthumously死后)。句意为：作者死后出版的这本书重新唤起了我们对他的兴趣。A．anonymously以匿名的方式；B．privately私下地；C．recently最近。
24.The vast ______ area of this country enabled us to welcome the hordes of immigrants that flocked to our shores.
（分数：0.50） A.teeming B.explored C.flourishing D.undeveloped √
解析：(undeveloped未开发的)。句意为：本国许多未开发的地区使我们能够欢迎一群又一群聚集在海滨的移民。A．teeming拥挤的，热闹的；B．explored被考察的；D．flourishing欣欣向荣的。 25.The candidate's speech was filled with empty promises, ______ and cliches.
（分数：0.50） A.candor B.platitudes √ C.anger D.threats
解析：(platitude陈词滥调)。句意为：候选人的演讲尽是一些空洞的许诺、陈词滥调和陈腐思想。A．candor坦率；C．anger生气；D．threats威胁。
26.The members of the House of Commons were shocked when the opposition speaker the character of the Prime Minister.
（分数：0.50） A.mentioned B.disputed C.lauded D.doubted √
解析：(doubt怀疑)。句意为：反对派的发言人对首相的人格表示怀疑时，众议院的议员们深感震惊。A．mention提及；B．dispute争议；C．laud赞美，称赞。
27.When the colonel learned that headquarters had been unable to send him reinforcements, he ______ the order for the scheduled attack.
（分数：0.50） A.countermanded √ B.relinquished C.rephrased D.invalidated
解析：(countermand撤消命令)。句意为：上校听说司令部未能给他派去援军，他撤消了预定进攻的命令。B．relinquish放弃；C．rephrase给……重新措辞；D．invalidate使无效。
28.It's time-consuming to locate the book in the bookcase, because the way he arranges books is quite ______.
（分数：0.50） A.mighty B.wholesome C.undesirable D.random √
解析：(random随便的，任意的)。句意为：要找到书橱上的那本书很费时间，因为他排列书籍的方式非常随意。A．mighty强大的，巨大的；D．wholesome有益于健康的；C． undesirable不受欢迎的。 29.The age of the general practitioner is over. More and more graduates of medical schools tend to ______,that is, to concentrate on limited areas of their profession.
（分数：0.50） A.generalize B.rationalize C.study
D.specialize √
解析：(specialize专门研究，专攻)。句意为：多面手的时代过去了，医学院越来越多的研究生搞专科研究，即集中精力研究本行业一些有限的领域。A．generalize概括；B． rationalize合理地思索；C．study学习。
30.His imprisonment ______ his colleagues, for they cannot believe that such a respectable and law-abiding person will take bribes.
（分数：0.50） A.evolves B.astounds √ C.withholds D.propels
解析：(astound使震惊)。句意为：他锒铛入狱让同事们大为震惊，因为他们不相信这样可敬而又遵纪守法的人会受贿。A．evolve进化；C．withhold制止；D．propel推进。
七、Part Ⅲ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)
Student life at American universities is chaotic during the first week of each quarter or semester. Registering for classes, becoming familiar (51) the buildings (52) campus, (53) books, adding and dropping classes, and (54) fees are confusing for everyone. During this busy period there is little time for students to anticipate (55) they will later encounter in the classroom. International students, (56) to their countries' educational expectations, must adapt (57) new classroom norms in a foreign college or university. Whereas in one country prayer may be acceptable in a classroom, in another it may be (58) . In some classrooms around the world students must humbly obey their teacher's commands and remain absolutely silent during a class period. In (59) , students may talk, eat and smoke during lectures as (60) as criticize a teacher's methods or contradict his or her statements. It is not always easy to understand a new educational system. There is considerable variety in university classrooms in the United States. Because of diverse teaching methods and non-standardized curricula, no two courses are (61) . Undergraduate courses are considerably different from graduate courses. The classroom atmosphere in expensive, private universities may differ from (62) in community college s (63) are free and open to everyone.
State-funded universities have different requirements and expectations than (64) parochial colleges. (65) , there are shared features in American college and university classrooms (66) the diversity of educational institutions of higher learning.
Participation (67) the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade (68) the student's oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during (69) the student has a passive role(i, e. , listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate seminars the professor has a \"managerial\" role and the students (70) presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these seminars.
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with） on） buying） paying） what） used/accustomed） to） forbidden/banned/unacceptable） others） well） identical） that） which） do） Nevertheless/However） despite） in） on） which） （正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：（正确答案：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：make） 解析：
八、Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
71.Vacations were once the prerogative of the privileged few, even as late as the 19th century. Now they are considered the right of all, except for such unfotrunate masses as, for example, the bulk of puplation in certain countries, for whom life, save for sleep and brief periods of rest, is uniterrupted toil.
Vacations are more necessary now than before because today the average life is less well-rounded and has become increasingly compartmentalized. 72. I suppose the idea of vacations, as we conceive it, must be incomprehensible to primitive peoples. Rest of some kind has of course always been a part of the rhythm of human life, but earlier ages did not find it necessary to organize it in the way that modern man has done. Holidays and feast days were sufficient.
With modern man's increasing tensions, with the stultifying quality of so much of his work, this break in the year's routine became steadily more necessary. 73. Vacations became mandatory for the purpose of renewal and repair. And so it came about that in the United States, the most self-indulgent of nations, the most tense and compartmentalized, vacations have come to take a predominant place in domestic conversation.
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__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(假期曾经是少数特权人物的特权，甚至到了19世纪，情况依然如此。如今，假期被认为是所有的人的权利，但是对于不幸的人群，如某些国家的许多人来说，除了睡眠和短暂的休息以外，生活意味着毫不间断的劳作。) 解析：
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(我觉得，可以想像，原始人无法理解假期这一概念，休息自然是人类生活节奏的一部分，但是早期的人们觉得没有必要像现代人一样安排生活，因为节日和宗教节日就足够了。) 解析：
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(为了获得新生或自我保养，度假成了必须履行的事情。在所有的国家中，美国恰巧是最为放纵的，因此，紧张而又安排得很细致的假期在家庭的谈话中占有很重要的地位。) 解析：
九、Part Ⅴ Chinese-English Translation(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
31.目前，越来越多的外语教师已不满足于只当一名“教书匠”，而在教书育人的同时搞一些科研工作。搞科研就需要掌握一些科研方法，其中很重要的一种方法就是懂得并掌握一些必要的统计方法，以便能够对所获得的数据进行分析、处理，并以此为根据进行科学的推断或决策。
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__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Nowadays, a growing number of foreign language teachers are not content to be merely \"pedagogues\scientific research work involves mastering some research methods, among which a very important method is to know and master some necessary statistical methods so that one can analyze and process the data acquired and make a scientific inference and decision on the basis of them.) 解析：
十、Part Ⅵ Writing (总题数：1，分数：15.00)
32.The occurrence of overpopulation in China. 2. Why China's overpopulation occurs.
3. The implementation of birth control in China.
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__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( Ohina's Overpopulation'
It is known to all that China has too large a population of more than 1.3 billion, which is a serious problem worth considering. Such a population explosion is the biggest barrier that prevents China's economy from developing rapidly. It has brought about an array of social problems related to traffic, housing, education, employment, etc.
China's overpopulation exists for many reasons. In my view, there are mainly two reasons. First, some Chinese people are seized with the traditional idea that more children represent more manpower and more happiness. They fail to carry out the fundamental national policy of birth control. Second, many families are affected by the feudal ideology that a boy is much better than a girl. If they have a son, they may carry out the policy of birth control. If they don't have a son, they may continue giving birth to children until they have got a son.
Although China has implemented the national policy of family planning for more than twenty years, which helps China's shift from overpopulation to zero population growth, it is still faced with the problem of overpopulation. In some areas, especially rural areas, some families still give birth to two children, three children or more, which hampers the implementation of family planning. From the bottom of my heart, I hope there will be a change for the better.) 解析：
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